WorkingDOgsOrthoDiseaseL9

• Orthopaedic Disease


  A disease affecting the musculo-skeletal system, including bones, muscles, tendons, and ligaments
• Traumatic Injuries


  Injuries caused by external force, leading to bone fractures, muscle lacerations, tendon ruptures, and ligament sprains
• Risk factors for traumatic injuries include:

  Vehicles, stock, terrain, fences
• Non-traumatic Degenerative Musculoskeletal Disease:

  Not caused by external trauma, such as lumbosacral disease, hip dysplasia, and toe infections
• Bone injuries

  Fractures (open/closed)
• Muscle injuries


  Laceration, rupture, bruising
• Tendon injuries

  Laceration, ruptures, strain
• Ligament injuries

  Laceration, ruptures, sprain
• Connective Tissue Healing


  Process where bones regenerate complex tissues, while muscles, tendons, and ligaments heal mainly by scarring
• Scaring can lead to compromise. Fibrous tissue within torn muscle can restrict muscle mobility and strength. Contraction of scar tissue can shorten muscle.
• Ligament and tendon healing by scarring lacks the alignment of collagen fibers for complete strength
• Collateral Ligament Injury


  A severe sprain of a ligament, graded as a grade 3 sprain, often requiring surgery for repair
• Sprains and Strains


  Injuries where ligaments (sprains) or tendons (strains) tear to varying degrees, graded from minimal tearing to complete rupture
• A tendon or ligament can "avulse" or pull off bone attachment
• Achilles Mechanism: the common calcanean tendon in dogs composed of 5 muscles forming 3 separate tendons, prone to athletic tears and avulsions
• Stifle Joint is a diarthrodial joint involving 2 large bones, ligaments collateral crucite and patellar, mensci - medial and lateral, 4 sesamoids - patella, 2x fabellae, popliteal m.
• CCLR Treatment Traditional Surgery


  Examine for other ligament deficiency. Open the joint and examine the cartilages stabilize with a prosthesis or a tissue graft
• CCLR Treatment Modern (TPLO) Surgery


  Dynamically stabilize the stifle by changing the orientation of the bones and therefore the forces
• Factors affecting Outcome

  Determinants like the decision to save or replace the dog, training level, farm knowledge, use of the dog, and farm terrain affecting recover