concepts of physical activity and sport

Created by

Aoife Hughes

Cards (31)

What is physical recreation?
The active aspect of leisure time
What is leisure time?
Leisure time is free time when you can do what you choose, a time to take part in physical activity or sport
What are characteristics?
Key features used to identify a particular concept
What is a continuum?
A scale representing a gradual change
What is the sporting development continuum?
Participation in various forms of physical activity at various stages of development. For example grass roots foundation stage in primary PE
What are the key characteristics of physical recreation?
It is fun and enjoyable where winning is unimportant
Physically energetic
Participation is a matter of choice and is voluntary
Involves adults as the participation level of the sporting development continuum
It is flexible in nature - how long take part for and the rules being followed can be adjusted by participants as they wish
It is self officiated and self regulated (any decisions during activities are made by the participants themselves)
What is the participation level?
An emphasis on taking part recreationally with enjoyment being a key motivator
What are the functions of physical recreation for the individual?
increase individuals health + fitness & helps the development of physical skills
provides individual with challenge - if overcome - leads to sense of achievement - increased self-esteem & self-confidence
provides chance to refresh ones self & act as stress relief from work - help individuals relax
helps people socialise and meet up with friends
takes place in relaxed atmosphere -> provides sense of fun
ensures participation in PA for future emphasis is on taking part at own level & pace rather than winning/beating others
What are the functions of physical recreation upon society?
Increased health and fitness will reduce the strain on the NHS
More people from different social communities join clubs and interacting socially can help to develop community cohesion
Increased employment and economic benefits with more people buying equipment & hiring facilities
More positive use of free time increases social control and decreases crime statistics in a more socially inclusive society
Increased skill level will, increase the number of people progressing through to performance/elite levels
What are the key characteristics of sport?
It is highly structured - has set/strict rules
Use of specialist equipment/set kit
Officials present - trained & appointed by NGBS to enforce the rules
Rewards can be received as a result of success -> extrinsic = medals/trophies or intrinsic = gaining personal satisfaction from win
Strategies can be used to try and outwit opponents
High skill level/ high prowess visible in sporting performance
High levels of commitment and/or strict training involved to maintain and improve fitness/skill level
Serious and competitive in nature
What are the important functions of sport on the individual?
Help to improve physical fitness, health and well being and increased skill level
Increased self confidence levels (feel good factor) which result in improved skill levels
Increased social opportunities - chance to communicate, socialise, work as part of a team and make friends at sports clubs
Help to develop positive sporting morals and attitudes - fair play & sportsmanship
More positive use of free time will reduce crime rates
What are the benefits of sporting participation on society?
Strain on the NHS is reduced as levels of obesity decline
Social control increased - individuals make more +ve use of free time
Social integration increased - along with community cohesion/morale via increased participation in sport by different economic and ethnic groups
Employment opportunity increased - via employment as sports coaches, fitness trainers
Economic benefits result as people pay to participate, spend money on equipment + latest fashionable kit
Equality of opportunity via sports participation for all
What are the key characteristics of PE?
Compulsory
Formally taught lessons
Four key stages of the national curriculum from ages 5-16
Begins in primary school at foundation level
Teachers are in charge and deliver lessons
Lessons have pre planning; it is highly structured
In school time
What are the main objectives and purpose of PE?
Raise levels of self esteem
Higher level mental skills
Higher level physical skills
Higher level social skills
More active leisure time
Improved development of leadership
Improved health and fitness
What is outdoor education?
Activities which take place in the natural environment and utilise nature/geographical location such as mountains rivers and lakes
What are the characteristics of completing OAA?
Awareness of safety and understanding of perceived risk
Teamwork skills
Social and communication
Leadership skills
Self discovery
Knowledge of the natural environment
What are the main functions of outdoor education?
Leadership skills
Excitement and adrenaline rush
Appreciation of natural environment
Decision making
Social and self esteem skills
What is the triangular model of PE?
Education
School sport
Recreation
What is school sport?
Extra circular competitive sport
What is school sport partnerships?
The creation of increased opportunities for school sport via junior schools working together wither secondary schools and further education providers
What are school games?
Initiative to increase participation in school sport from inter school level to county and national level
What are the problems schools face when providing outdoor education?
Lack of time
Lack of money
Lack of qualified and motivated staff
What elements should physical education involve?
Education
School sport
Recreation
What is perceived risk?
A challenge that stimulates a sense of danger and adventure for beginners or inexperienced performers in a safe environment with danger minimised via stringent safety measure
What are the key characteristics of school sport?
Competitive
Non compulsory
Use of sports coaching from outside staff
What are the benefits of school sport?
Physical fitness increases health
Increase child self esteem
Social groups begin to form so increased social networks form
Improved cognitive skills in decision making
Improvement in academic performance
Compare physical recreation and sport
Voluntary Vs Selective
Taking part Winning
Limited commitment High effort and commitment
Self regulated Set rules codified
Intrinsic reward Extrinsic awarded
Varied skill Higher fitness levels neede d
Basic equipments High tech equipment may be needed
Compare physical recreation and physical education
Voluntary vs. Compulsory
Free time In school time
Informal Formal teaching
Self regulated Regulated by teachers
Participation Foundation
Simple Highly structured
Compare national curriculum PE to school sport
In lesson time vs in free time
Compulsory Choice
For all For chosen
Taking part Winning
Teacher led Coaches involved
Variety Specialism
Identify three characteristics of physical recreation?
Self regulated
Non competitive
No specific ruling
Explain the advantages and disadvantages of maintaining the tradition of keeping competitive school sport separate from physical recreation?
Improve academic performance
Prevent people being forced to play

Greater ability to experience catharsis (release stress)
Improves physical health