organisms

• What part of the body does smoking affect

  paralyses cilia
• What part of the body does asma affect

  narrows bronchi, bronchioles etc
• What part of the body does exercise affect

  increases lung capacity
• What are cilia, and what is their function?

  They push mucus (and the pathogens trapped in it) out

  of the trachea
• What happens when we breathe in?

  • diaphragm contracts

  • ribs move up and out

  • volume of chest increases
• What happens when we breathe out?

  diaphragm relaxes and moves up

  • ribs fall

  • volume of chest decreases
• What happens in the alveoli?

  • oxygen diffuses out into the blood

  • carbon dioxide diffuses into the alveoli

  from the blood capillaries
• How are alveoli adapted to allow efficient gas

  exchange?

  • thin walls

  • large surface area

  • moist for gases

  to dissolve in
• What does the mouth do


  mixes food with

  saliva and chews it
• What does the Oesophagus do

  passes

  food to stomach
• What does the liver do

  – makes bile,

  which breaks up

  large pieces of fat

  in small intestine
• What does the stomach do

  contains

  hydrochloric acid

  (mechanical and

  chemical digestion)
• What do the large intestines do

  absorbs water

  from the waste

  food
• what does the pancreas do

  releases

  pancreatic juices to

  neutralise stomach acid
• What do the small intestines do

  contains enzymes.

  Nutrients are absorbed

  into the blood here
• what does the rectum do

  stores waste
• What does the anus do

  waste passes out
• What do carbohydrates do? Give an example of a carbohydrate

  provide energy. rice/ potatoes
• What does protein do? Give an example of a protein.

  growth and repair. Meat/fish
• What does fibre do? Give an example of a fibre.

  keeps small intestines working well. Cereal
• What do vitamins and minerals do?Give an example of a vitamin


  Keep the body healthy. Veg, fruit
• What do fats and oils do? give an example of fats and oils

  store energy. butter/nuts
• What does water do?Give an example of water 


  keeps the body hydrated.Water
• Identify 3 diseases caused by a lack of vitamins or

  minerals:

  scurvy (lack of vitamin C)

  • rickets (lack of vitamin D)

  • anemia (lack of iron)
• What is the measure that tells a person if they are

  underweight, healthy, overweight or obese?

  BMI
• What does BMI stand for

  Body mass index
• Which part of the digestive system allows nutrients to

  pass into the blood stream?

  small intestines
• Why does the digestive system contain enzymes,

  such as amylase and protease?

  break large food molecules into smaller molecules

  that can be absorbed into the blood