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Biology
Paper 2
Hormonal coordination
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Cards (17)
What is the endocrine system?
System of glands that secrete
hormones
into the
bloodstream
How do the effects of the endocrine system compare to those of the nervous system?
Endocrine system effects are
slower
but act for
longer.
Where is the pituitary gland?
Brain.
Which organ monitors and controls blood glucose levels?
Pancreas.
Which hormones interact to regulate blood glucose levels?
Insulin
and
glucagon.
What is the cause for Type 1 diabetes?
Pancreas
produces
insufficient
insulin.
What is the cause of Type 2 diabetes?
Body cells no longer respond to
insulin.
What is the function of FSH?
Causes eggs to mature in the
ovaries
, and stimulates
ovaries
to produce oestrogen.
What is the function on
LH
?
Stimulates
the release of an
egg.
What are the methods of hormonal contraception?
Oral contraceptives
, injection,
skin patch
, IUD.
What is the function of
oestrogen
?
Causes
lining
of the uterus wall to
thicken.
What are the methods of non-hormonal contraception?
Barrier
methods,
copper
IUD, spermicidal agents, sterilisation, abstinence.
State the disadvantages of IVF treatment.
Emotionally and physically
stressful.
Low
success rate.
Can lead to
risky
multiple births.
What is the function of adrenaline in the body?
Increases heart rate and boosts delivery of oxygen and glucose to the brain and muscles to prepare the body for ‘flight or fight’.
What is the function of thyroxine in the body?
Stimulates
basal metabolic rate
, so is important for
growth
and development.
Name one hormone controlled by negative feedback.
Thyroxine.
Which endocrine glands control secondary sexual characteristics?
Ovaries
and female,
testes
in males.