Human Resources

• Human resources


  Workers employed by a business
• Employee life cycle


  Includes recruiting, training, disciplinary actions, redundancies
• Identifying human resource needs


  Activity of assessing staffing needs and necessary changes
• Human resources plan


  Details required workers and skills for a business
• Regulations


  Government-imposed rules on businesses
• Zero-hour contracts


  Contracts with no guaranteed work hours, offering business flexibility
• Organisational chart


  Diagram showing business worker organization and hierarchy
• Layers


  Levels of authority in a chain of command
• Authority


  Power to make decisions and control workers
• Accountability


  Responsibility for job outcomes, both positive and negative
• Chain of command


  Hierarchy of authority levels in a business
• Subordinates


  Workers under the responsibility of a line manager
• Span of control


  Number of subordinates directly reporting to a manager
• Delegation


  Process of granting decision-making authority to subordinates
• Job description


  Outline of worker duties and responsibilities
• Flexible working


  Practice of working partly outside the office
• Full-time working


  Working 35+ hours per week
• Part-time working


  Working fewer than 35 hours per week
• Temporary working


  Short-term employment, sometimes on a daily basis
• Working whilst mobile


  Working while traveling or on the move
• Self-employment


  Working as one's own business, selling services to buyers
• Communication


  Message transmission from sender to receiver
• Digital communication


  Information exchange electronically using ICT
• Written communication


  Communication through written words, text, letters, or email
• Feedback


  Response indicating understanding of communication
• Internal communication


  Communication within the same organization
• Vertical communication


  Communication up or down the hierarchy in an organization
• Horizontal communication


  Communication between people on the same hierarchy level
• External communication


  Communication between organization members and outsiders
• Formal communication


  Official communication within an organization
• Informal communication


  Unofficial communication within an organization
• Verbal communication


  Communication through speaking, e.g., meetings or calls
• Selection


  Process of choosing among job applicants
• Person specification


  Lists qualifications and qualities for a job
• Internal recruitment


  Filling job vacancy with existing employees
• External recruitment


  Filling job vacancy with external candidates
• Induction training


  Training for new workers on job and workplace
• Skills gap


  Shortage of skilled workers in a business
• Internal methods of recruitment

  Recruitment visible only to existing staff
• External methods of recruitment

  Recruitment visible to both internal and external candidates