FINALS

• Insert a gloved finger and palpate the top of the infant's mouth - Sheila, a delivery nurse assigned at Aleosan District Hospital. She knows that many infants with a cleft lip also have a cleft palate. Which assessment technique will determine if the infant has a cleft palate?
• Which causative factors should a pregnant woman eliminate or avoid to prevent cleft lip and/or palate in her unborn child?

  I. Use of retinoids. III. Consumption of alcohol. IV. Smoking/secondhand smoke.
• Baby Francisco was born with cleft lip (CL); Nurse Ibarra would be alert that which of the following will most likely be compromised?

  Sucking ability
• Nurse Maria is providing postoperative care for Baby Clara who has cleft palate (CP); she should position the child in which of the following?

  In the prone position
• In preparation for the future surgical repair of the cleft lip, the nurse discusses Clara's needs during the early postoperative period and tells Jose and Blanca about actions they can begin now to help prepare Clara for that time. Which intervention should the nurse discuss with Clara's parents?

  Place Clara in elbow restraints for 15 minutes 5 times a day so she will be less resistant to the restraints after surgery.
• Esophageal Atresia can be described as

  incomplete formation of the esophageal lumen
• 20-hour-old newborn born via NSD to a G1P1 28- year-old mother was noted to have frothing of secretions at the mouth. When he was given milk, he regurgitated it. PE: crying, CR 155/min, RR=68/min, harsh breath sounds, good cardiac tone, soft abdomen, cyanotic lips and nail beds. What is the common anatomical presentation of this congenital condition noted early on the neonatal/infancy period?

  Upper esophagus ends in a blind pouch and the fistula is connected to the distal esophagus
• A newborn infant is diagnosed with esophageal atresia. Which assessment finding supports this diagnosis?

  Continuous drooling
• Clarita, the nurse in charge, reviews the record of a newborn infant and notes that a diagnosis of esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula is suspected. The nurse expects to note which most likely sign of this condition documented in the record?

  choking w/ feedings
• The clinic nurse reviews the record of an infant and notes that the health care provider has documented a diagnosis of suspected Hirschsprung's disease. The nurse reviews the assessment findings documented in the record, knowing that which sign most likely led the mother to seek health care for the infant?

  foul-smelling ribbon-like stools
• A 3-year-old boy presents with chronic constipation since he was an infant. His abdomen was globular and rectal exam revealed a normal sphincteric tone and no feces on the examining finger. Which of the following is a gold standard to diagnose his condition?

  Rectal suction biopsy
• Maricor, mother of an infant diagnosed with Hirschsprung's disease asks the nurse about the disorder. As a nurse on duty, you plan to base the response on which information?

  it is a congenital aganglionosis or megacolon.
• You are the nurse who is caring for an Maricor’s infant with a diagnosis of Hirschsprung's disease. The nurse should check for which clinical findings that are consistent with Hirschsprung's disease? Select all that apply.

  I.Fever II.Constipation III.Failure to thrive IV.Intolerance to wheat V.Abdominal distention
• A child is admitted to the emergency department of Iloilo Mission Hospital with suspected intussusception. What significant assessment supports this diagnosis?

  Currant jelly stools
• A child is diagnosed with intussusception. The nurse collects data on the child, knowing that which is a characteristic of this disorder?

  Invagination of a section of the intestine into the distal bowel
• A condition where part of the neural tube does not develop or close properly, leading to defects in the spinal cord and bones of the spine (vertebrae)

  Spina Bifida
• It is defined as excess cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) accumulation in the head caused by a disturbance of formation, flow, or absorption.

  Hydrocephalus
• Tonic-clonic seizures s formerly known as:

  Grand Mal
• t is a situation in which seizures develop into a prolonged seizure of 30 minutes or longer duration. This condition is a medical emergency and may require hospitalization.

  Status epelipticus
• In patients suffering with hydrocephalus, the setting sun sign is best described as: bulging anterior fontanelles

  eyes appear to be pushed downward slightly with the sclera visible above the iris
• What is hydrocephalus

  An excess of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain
• Which of the following is a common symptom of hydrocephalus in infants?

  Increased head size
• Which diagnostic tool is most commonly used to diagnose hydrocephalus?

  MRI or CT scan
• The primary treatment for hydrocephalus involves

  Surgical insertion of a shunt
• A shunt for hydrocephalus typically drains fluid to which part of the body

  Stomach
• Hydrocephalus can be congenital or acquired. Which of the following is an example of congenital hydrocephalus?

  Spina bifida-associated hydrocephalus
• Which of the following is NOT a potential complication of untreated hydrocephalus?

  Hearing loss
• An early sign of hydrocephalus in older children might be

  Both A and C (Difficulty walking and Frequent headaches
• What is the function of cerebrospinal fluid?

  All of the above (To nourish the brain, To cushion the brain and spinal cord, To remove waste from the brain]
• In normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH), which symptom is typically observed in elderly patients?

  Gait disturbances
• Spina bifida is a birth defect that involves

  The spinal cord
• Which form of spina bifida is the most severe?

  Myelomeningocele
• Which nutrient deficiency is commonly associated with spina bifida?

  Folate
• Prenatal testing for spina bifida can be done using

  Amniocentesis
• Spina bifida occulta often presents with:

  No symptoms or mild symptoms
• Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is primarily characterized by

  Impairments in social interaction and communication
• At what age are children most susceptible to febrile seizures?

  6 months to 5 years
• Which of the following is NOT a typical feature of a simple febrile seizure?

  Occurs multiple times within 24 hours
• Febrile seizures are usually

  Harmless and do not cause brain damage
• Management of a child having a febrile seizure includes

  Placing the child on their side