Reality is not embellished, nor is described in a symbolic, poetic or ideal way: to show reality as itself.
Social subjects: situation of peasants, situation of Polish emigrants abroad, situation of Poland occupied by Russian invaders, and historical events of the past (symbolic value).
Focused on customs and folk traditions: portraits of popular costumes, situations and characters.
Prototypic characters or didactic models or moralizing clichés (national heroes, anti-heroes, etc.).
Animals in nature, wildlife.
