privatisation

• privatisation


  -when services (were once owned & provided by state) are transferred to private companies

  >transfer of educational assets

  >management to private companies, charities / religious institutions
• what does the money UK government spend on education pay for?

  -teacher's salaries

  -support workers

  -educational resources

  -building & maintaining school buildings

  -cost of writing curriculums

  -examinations

  -inspections (OFSTED)
• trend towards privatisation 


  -since late 1980s

  -due to increasing influence of Neoliberalism/New Right ideas on government policy
• the privatisation of education


  -most aspects of education traditionally been run by state & funded directly by government with taxpayer's money > managed by LEAs

  -as result > more taxpayers' money going straight into hands of private companies who provide education services
• Ball : ESIs


  -education services industry has expanded (ESI)

  > meaning more private companies are involved in building schools, organising supply teachers, work-based learning...
• Ball : PPPs 


  there's more public-private partnerships

  -private sector companies provide means to design, build, finance & operate educational services on behalf of LEA

  -very profitable for companies involved

  -LEAs often have little choice in entering agreements

  > often only way to build new schools due to lack of government funding
• blurring the public/private boundary

  -many senior officials in public sector leave to set up/work for private sector education businesses

  -companies bid for contracts to provide services to schools & local authorities
• Pollack - blurring of boundaries


  -flow of personnel allows companies to buy 'insider knowledge'

  -help win contacts

  -side stepping local authority democracy
• privatisation of education : examples

  -setting up of academies

  -running of examination systems

  -cola-isation of schools
• types of academies


  -sponsored academies

  -converter academies
• sponsored academies


  -failing schools

  -instructed to become academies by Department for Education
• converter academies


  -schools that choose to become academies

  -often for financial reasons
• pupil premium


  -money schools receive for each pupil from disadvantaged background

  -introduced by Conservative government
• features of globalisation linked to 5 impacts in education

  -technological advancement = global ICT privatisation

  -economic changes = children must be taught to compete in global economy

  -political changes = private companies have more influence than local councils/governments

  -cultural changes = changes in curriculum

  -migration = greater number of pupils from other countries & more faith schools
• main ways globalisation has impacted UK education

  -increased opportunities for privatisation

  -international comparisons & adoption of policies from other countries
• running of examination systems

  -UK's largest examination body Edexcel is run by Global Corporation Pearsons

  -Pearsons runs exam systems in over 70 countries
• Pearsons role in examination system


  -sets exams

  -pays examiners

  -runs training courses which teachers need to attend to understand assessment criteria

  -VERY PROFITABLE
• privatisation & globalisation


  -globalisation had effect on education policy due to privatisation of education in UK

  -global private companies (like Pearson) involved in providing educational software for schools across UK

  (Microsoft, Zoom)

  -private companies are exporting UK education policies to other countries & providing services to deliver these policies
• BALL : cola-isation of schools


  -explored how large companies influence those in education from early age to purchase their products & services

  > developing brand loyalty

  -by placing their products in schools, can ensure wide advertisement reach

  -students more likely to purchase particular brand further on in life