Ch4: Digestive system+ Nutrition

• Food is required for energy, growth and repair.

  Six main food nutrients:

  • Protein - for growth and tissue repair
  • Carbohydrate - for energy
  • Fat - for cell membrane
  • Vitamins - for making new cells (Vitamin C) and healthy bones (Vitamin D)
  • Minerals - for strong bones and teeth (calcium)
  • Water - to maintain the 37c temperature
• Digestive system:

  Mouth - mechanically digests food by chewing

  Oesophagus - carries food from mouth to stomach

  Liver - produces bile to help with digestion of fat

  Stomach - Churns food and adds HCl to food

  Pancreas - Makes enzymes to chemically digest food

  Colon - Absorbs water from food into blood

  Small intestine - digests food and absorbs food into blood

  Large intestine - prepares undigested food for excretion

  Anus - passes the waste matter out the body
• Peristalsis - the movement of muscles that allow food to be pushed along the digestive system