Vana 102 Chapter 9.1-

• have a total of 24 deciduous or milk teeth incisors and 12 premolars or grinders.


  Young horses
• appear 20 12 25% of the time in mares and are usually smaller than those found in males.

  Canines or bridle teeth
• A good rule of thumb to remember is that their milk teeth, or deciduous teeth, erupt, or come in, following a simple timetable of 8 days, 8 weeks, and 8 months.

  Foals
• The can be distinguished from permanent teeth because they are wider than they are tall, and they have shallow roots. Twelve premolars will also erupt, three on each side of the top and bottom jaws, within 2 weeks of age. However, premolars are typically not used in aging horses as they are more difficult to view.

  Deciduous Teeth
• of deciduous teeth is used to “age” horses until they have all their permanent teeth at 5 years of age.

  Systematic shedding
• The horse’s deciduous central incisors are pushed out of the way as the permanent centrals erupt from below.

  2 1/2 years
• The upper central and lower central incisors have grown out enough to meet and therefore begin grind against to one another.

  3 years
• At 3 years This is referred to as being_______. These wear patterns will be used later in the horse’s life to help determine age.


  In Wear
• At the intermediate incisors will be shed and at 4 years of age they will be in wear.


  3 1/2 years
• At the corner incisors will be shed, and 6 months later they will be in wear.

  4 1/2 years
• have four canine teeth (tushes) located between their corner incisor and the molars.

  Male horses
• will occasionally have canine teeth, but usually these are not as developed and all four may not be present.

  Mares
• Are commonly extracted as they may interfere with the bit.

  Wolf Teeth
• Are Canine teeth not extracted under normal circumstance.

  Canine teeth
• At approximately 5 years of age and when all permanent teeth have erupted, the horse is said to have.


  Full Mouth
• On the grinding surface of the incisors, is seen as an indentedarea with a dark center in the middle of each tooth. It disappear from the bottom central incisors at 6 years of age, the intermediates at 7 and the corners at 8.


  Cup
• The term applies to a horse 12 years of age or older when all cups are gone, and the grinding surface is smooth

  Smooth Mouthed Horse
• It appears more toward the front of the teeth (closer to the lips) than the cups. At first this star is rectangular in appearance, but as the horse ages it becomes more rounded and moves to the center of the tooth

  Dental Star
• The younger horse will show a shorter tooth visible below the gum line, is used for the older horse is due to more visible teeth.

  Long in the Tooth
• More subtle indicator that can assist with aging the horse over 10 years of age. This is a groove that appears near the gum line of the corner incisor. It begins at center of the outer surface of the tooth in a 10year-old.


  Galvayne’s Groove
• the corner teeth have erupted recently and show no signs of wear or age-induced discoloration.

  Fresh Full Mouths
• all eight teeth are intact, showing some wear but are still firmly in place.

  Sound Mouthed
• which describes animals that have lost some or all of their permanent teeth. The age at which animals become mouthed mainly broken varies, due to environmental factors such as the type and quantity offeed available

  Broken Mouthed
• are either broken, worn down to the gums or fallen out. An animal is usually old and may have difficulty maintaining condition if in its feed conditions are hard.

  Gummy
• Systematic shedding of deciduous teeth is used to “age” horses until they have all their permanent teeth at

  5 years of age.