PE P2

• What is an open skill?

  The player is affected by the surrounding environment

  Eg:

  • Pass in hockey
  • Rugby tackle
  • Dribbling in football
• What is a closed skill?

  Players are not affected by the surrounding environment or the performers within it

  Eg:

  • Penalty kick in football
  • Gymnastics vault
  • Tennis serve
• What is a skill?

  Is learned action or behaviour with the intention of bringing about expected results
• What is ability?

  An inherited, stable trait that determine an individuals potential to learn or acquire a skill
• What are the 4 skill classification pairs?

  Open - closed

  Basic - complex

  Self-paced - Externaly-paced

  Gross - fine
• What is a basic skill?

  Simple, require little thought, don't need much information and require little decision making

  Eg:

  • Running
  • Cycling
  • Swimming
• What is a complex skill?

  Difficult, require thought and concentration, require alot of information and require alot of decision making

  Eg:

  • Dribbling past a defender in football
  • Rock climbing
  • Lay up in basketball
• What is a self-paced skill?

  The skill is started when the performer decides to start, controls the speed, rate or pace if skill

  Eg:

  • Serving in tennis
  • Bowling in cricket
• What is an externaly-paced skill?

  The skill is started because if an external factor, opponent or pace of the skill

  Eg:

  • Reciving a tennis surve
  • Marking an oponent in netball
• What is a gross skill?

  Big, strong, powerfully movements that involve large muscle groups

  Eg:

  • Tackle in rugby
  • Power lifting
• What is a fine skill?

  Small precise movement, showing high levels of accuracy and coordination that involve small muscle movements

  Eg:

  • Drop shot in badminton
  • Short putt in golf
• What is a performance goal?

  Focus on your own personal performance. You can compare yourself against what you have already done

  Eg:

  • I will use the correct grip every time I play a back hand drive in my next tennis match
• What are advantages of performance goals?

  • No comparison with other performances
  • Focused of improving personal performances
  • More motivating
• What is an outcome goal?

  Focuse on the end result such as winning
• What are advantages and disadvantage of outcome goals?

  +can be used by more advanced players to motivate them yo achieve the desired result

  -some performers become focused on the end result so they do not focus of their actual performance

  -as an individual you do not always have control over an outcome
• What does SMART stand for?

  Specific, measurable, accepted, realistic, time bound
• What are advantages goal setting?

  • Increased motivation
  • Increased focus
  • Increased standard
  • Reduced anxiety
  • Improved monitoring of progress
  • Imported planning of training sessions
• What is specific (SMART)?

  Goals must be specific to the demand of the sport, such as the muscles or movements used

  Eg:

  To reduce the percentage of unforced erros in my passing from the center third in netball
• What is measurable (SMART)?

  In order to know if your goal has been met successfully it must be something that can be measured

  Eg:

  To run 10km 3 seconds faster than my previous best
• What is accepted (SMART)?

  A target that is accepted by you and any others involved such as a coach

  Eg:

  I currently run 100m in 13s. My goal is to run it in 12s, my coach and i both accept I can do It
• What is realistic (SMART) ?

  A goal that possible given all factors

  Eg:

  I currently throw the javelin 30m. I am going to start additional training sesion my goal is to throw 35m
• What is time bound (SMART)?

  goals must be assigned a time frame for completion

  Eg:

  My goal is to run 200m in 45s by 4th of July this year
• What is the prosses of the information processing modle?

  Input -> decision making -> output -> feedback
• What is input?

  The information received form the display(your senses) via selective attention

  Eg:

  See the serve throw high
• What is decision making?

  The selection an appropriate response using the input and that stored in long-turm memory

  Eg:

  Decide to move back
• What is output?

  Information you send to your muscles to carry out the response

  Eg:

  Move back ready to returned the ball
• What is feedback?

  A review of your response, this can be from yourself (insintric) or others (exibtric)

  Eg:

  Return successful owing to perfecct position to returned that serve
• What is long-turm memory?

  Information that has been rehearsed and stored for the future refrance
• What is short-turm memory?

  This only lasts a few feconds. This is working memory you use while acctualy completing a skill
• What is selective attention?

  This is focusing on the important information
• What is visual guidance?

  When the performer is shown the skill. This is good for beginners so they can see what the skill should look like and create a mental image.

  • Video of the performer
  • Pictures
  • Demonstration
• What are advantages and disadvantage of visual guidance?

  +performer can copy the movement

  +can be used with groups

  -if demonstration is poor, incorrect movement can be learned

  -time consuming

  -complex or quick movement can be hard to copy
• What is verbal guidance?

  The performer is told information about hoe to complete the correct technique. This is better for more experienced players who know what movement should look like.
• What are advantages and disadvantage of verbal guidance?

  +instructions can be given quickly

  +can be used during performances

  +no equipment needed

  -some movements are hard to explaine
• What is manual guidance?

  Where the coach physically supports or moves the performer to help them get into correct position

  Eg:

  • Tennis coach holding a performers racket arm moving it through correct range of motion for a forehanf drive
• What are advantages and disadvantage of manual guidance?

  + performer can get a feel for the movement

  +builds confidence

  +Can help breake down a movement into phases

  -feeling is not the same

  -Performer can become dependant on the support
• What is mechanical guidance?

  The coach uses equipment to support the performer to help them with the technique

  Eg:

  • Using a harness in trampolining to do a somersault
• What are advantages and disadvantage of mechanical guidance?

  +poerformer can get a feel for the movement

  +builds confidence

  +reduces danger

  -feeling is not the same

  -become dependent
• What intrinsic feedback?

  From within the performer,eg how the movement felt from feedback form the muscles.
• What is extrinsic feedback?

  From outside the performer, coach telling you you did right or wrong