The human organism and Chemical basis of life

• Human Anatomy and Physiology

  the study of the physical structure and function of the human body
• Stimuli


  Changes in the environment
• Anatomy


  scientific discipline that investigates the body's structure
• Anatomy


  the word that means to dissect, cut apart, separate the parts of the body to study
• Systemic Anatomy


  study of the body by systems
• Regional Anatomy


  the study of the organization of the body by areas
• Anatomical Imaging


  involves the use of x-rays, ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and other technologies to create pictures of internal structures
• Physiology


  scientific discipline that deals with the process or functions of living things
• Human Physiology


  the study of the functions of the human body whereas cellular and systemic physiology are subdivisions that emphasize specific organizational levels
• Chemical Level of Organization

  involves how atoms interact and combine into molecules
• Cells


  basic structural and functional units of the body
• Organelles


  Small structures that perform various functions for the cell (reside within the cytoplasm)
• Tissue


  group of similar cells and the materials surrounding them
• Organ


  composed of two or more tissue types that together perform one or more common functions
• Organ System


  group of organs classified as a unit because of a common function or set of functions
• Organism


  any living thing considered as a whole, whether composed of one cell or of trillions of cells
• Human Organism


  complex of organ systems that are mutually dependent upon one another
• Organization


  It refers to the specific relationship of many individual parts of an organism, from cell to organs interacting and working together.
• Metabolism


  It is the ability to use energy to perform vital functions, such as growth, movement and reproduction.
• Responsiveness


  ability of an organisms to sense changes in the environment and make adjustments
• Growth


  refers to an increase in size of all or part of the organism
• Development


  includes changes an organism undergoes through time
• Diffrentiation


  change in a cell from unspecialized to specialized
• Reproduction


  Formation of new cells or new organisms
• Homeostatis


  existence and maintenance of a relatively constant environment with the body despite fluctuations in either external or internal environment
• Variables


  factors that change in the environment such as temperature, volume and chemical content
• Homeostatics mechanisms


  sweating or shivering, usually to maintain body temperature near an average normal value or setpoint
• Integumentary system


  Consists of the skin, mucous membranes, hair, and nail
• Skeletal system


  Protects and supports body organs and provides a framework the muscles use to support movement. Made up of bones and joints
• Muscular system


  produces body movement, generates heat when muscles contract
• Lymphatic system


  Removes foreign substances from the blood and lymph, combats disease, maintains tissue fluid balance, and absorbs fats from the digestive tract. Consists of the lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, and other lymphatic organs.
• Respiratory system


  Exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and air and regulates blood pH. Consists of the lungs and respiratory passages.
• Digestive System


  Performs the mechanical and chemical processes of digestion, absorption of nutrients, and elimination of wastes. Consists of the mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines, and accessory organs.
• Nervous system


  A conglomeration of billions of cells specifically designed to provide a communication network within the human body. Consist of brain, spinal cord, nerves and sensory receptors
• Endocrine system


  Consists of glands that control many of the body's activities by producing hormones. Influences metabolism, growth, reproduction and many other function
• Cardiovascular system


  transports nutrients, wastes, and gases throughout the body; plays a role in the immune response and regulation of body temperature
• Urinary system


  Removes waste products from the blood and regulates blood pH, ion balance, and water balance. Consists of the kidneys, urinary bladder, and ducts that carry urine.
• Female Reproductive system


  Produces oocytes and is the site of fertilization and fetal development; produces milk for the newborn; produces hormones that influence sexual function and behaviors. Consists of the ovaries, vagina, uterus, mammary glands, and associated structures.
• Male Reproductive System


  produces and transfer sperm cells to the female and produces hormones that influence sexual function and behaviors of males
• 98.6F


  average body temperature