141 redoxx

• Product


  Substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction
• Catalytic Hydrogenation

  • H2, Pt
  • H2, Pd
  • H2, Ni
• Catalytic Hydrogenation

  1. Alkene → Alkane

  2. Alkyne → Alkane
• H2, Lindlar Catalyst

  Alkyne → cis-Alkene
• H2, Pd/C or H2, Pd

  1. Alkene → Alkane

  2. Alkyne → Alkane
• H2, Raney Ni

  1. Aldehyde → 1° Alcohol

  2. Ketone → 2° Alcohol
• H2, Partially Deactivated Pd

  Acyl Halide → Aldehyde
• Dissolving-Metal Reduction

  Na NH3 (liq) or Li NH3 (liq) → trans-Alkene
• Metal-Hydride Reduction

  1. NaBH4 H3O+ → Aldehyde → 1° Alcohol

  2. Ketone → 2° Alcohol
• LiAlH4 H3O+

  1. Acyl Chloride → 1° Alcohol

  2. Carboxylic Acid → 1° Alcohol

  3. Ester → 1° Alcohol

  4. Amide → Amine
• [(CH3)2CH CH2]2AlH (DIBAL)

  Ester → Aldehyde
• LiAl[OC(CH3)3]3H -78 °C, H2O

  Alcohol → Acyl Chloride → Aldehyde
• NaBH4 Isopropyl alcohol

  Aldehydes only → 1° Alcohol
• NaBH4, CeCl3 EtOH/H2O, -15 °C

  Ketones only → 2° Alcohol
• Jones' Oxidation of Alcohols

  1. 1° Alcohol → Aldehyde → Carboxylic Acid

  2. 2° Alcohol → Ketone
• Swern Oxidation of Alcohols

  1. 1° Alcohol → Aldehyde

  2. 2° Alcohol → Ketone
• Jones' Oxidation of Aldehydes

  Aldehyde → Carboxylic Acid
• Tollens Oxidation of Aldehydes

  Aldehyde → Carboxylic Acid
• Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation

  1. Aldehyde → Carboxylic Acid

  2. Ketone → Ester
• Epoxidation

  Alkene → Epoxide
• Hydroxylation of Alkenes

  Alkene → Vicinal diol
• Oxidative Cleavage of Glycols

  Vicinal diol → Aldehyde or Ketone
• Ozonolysis

  1. Alkyne → Carboxylic Acid

  2. Alkene → Aldehyde or Ketone
• Permanganate Cleavage

  1. Alkene → Carboxylic Acid

  2. Alkene → Alkoxide