love and relationships

• What was the role of a Greek man?


  Involved in city life, contribute to wealth of oikos, give opinion in assembly and be a soldier
• What was the role of a Greek woman?

  Dutiful, domestic, fertility, fidelity and beauty
• What was the main value for Roman men?

  Virtus
• What was the main value for Roman women?

  Pudicitia
• How were Roman women different to Greek women?

  Managed business interests and ran the house, could inherit and own property
• What was a cum manu marriage in Rome?

  Husband had complete legal power over his wife
• What was a sine manu marriage in Rome?


  Woman's father kept all legal power
• What was different about Roman marriages?

  Both parties had to consent
• What was considered important in a man's development in Greece?


  Gymnasia and symposia
• What was the exception to affairs in Rome?


  Infames
• What did Greek men have to do if their wife committed adultery?

  Divorce them
• What rules regulated affairs in Rome?

  Leges Iuliae
• Which god does Ovid say ordered him to write Ars Amatoria?

  Venus
• What does Phaedrus say about love in Symposium?


  Love is the path to virtue, in homoerotic relationships each is driven to do well for the state in front of the other
• What does Pausanius describe women as?

  "the most unintelligent people imaginable"
• What are the two types of love Pausanius creates?

  Pandemian Eros (sexual love) and Uranian Eros (nobler, blossoms into friendship and shared virtue)
• What does Eryximachus say about love?

  Love is a human manifestation of a universal phenomenon and produces harmony
• What was Aristophanes' theory in Symposium?

  People were 2 spheres with 2 sets of faces, arms, legs and sexual organs on the outside. Zeus split them in half and now they search for their missing partner. Male and female search for the same sex and androgynous search for opposite sex
• What did Agathon say about love?

  Praises virtue of love in poetic style, it is both young, soft and sweetly scented but moderate, just, courageous and wise
• What did Socrates say about love?

  Taught by Diotama that it's the search for goodness, must move past physical desire and strive for what's beautiful as it's necessary for immortality
• What did Alcibiades say about love?

  Socrates himself is the embodiment of love
• What were the four physical symptoms of desire Plato listed?

  Body becomes swell and moist, shudders, feel on fire and nervous
• Why was Seneca banished?

  Alleged adultery with Caligula's sister
• When did Seneca withdraw from public life?

  62AD
• Why was Seneca killed?

  Alleged participation in the Pisonian conspiracy
• What is apatheia?


  Emotional detachment
• What did the Greeks think were the benefits of love?

  Shame and encouraging virtue
• What does Phaedrus not mentioning sexual desire suggest?

  Brutal and ugly
• What did Plato define love as?

  An 'intense' feeling of friendship
• How did relationships develop according to Plato?


  Develop into mutual love and respect after satisfaction of desire
• What did Plato compare desire to?

  Nails hammered into the soul and disease as it plagued cities
• What did Plato believe about the soul?

  That the "body is a prison" and the soul is from a perfect World of Forms
• Why does controlling desire help the state to be successful?

  moderation and stability
• What does Socrates say in his last dialogue in Symposium about desire?

  Describes himself rising above desire and using reason alone
• How can desire be resisted according to Plato?

  Prioritising virtue and aim it at what's good
• What does Plato think would happen if society relaxed to allow men and women to spend more time together?

  Young people would need to be surveyed constantly
• What did Plato think about homoerotic relationships?


  Useful as allow older men to pass down their knowledge and virtue, creates a stronger bond than that which creates children
• How does Aristophanes provide a natural explanation for homoerotic relationships?

  Spheres, talks of accusation of immortality levelled at gay men and saying these men are more manly and courageous
• What does Plato say in Lysis about the relationship between friendship and sexual desire?

  Friendship should come before a sexual relationship
• What does Aristophanes call effeminate men in his plays and what happened to them?

  'Receivers', they would lose their citizen rights