Sem 1 exam

• What are two types of carbohydrates?

  sugars and starches
• what are two types of lipids?

  saturated fats and trans fats
• How can less intake of carbohydrates reduce risk of disease?

  leads to decreased sugar levels which reduces the risk of obesity and or diabetes
• how can less intake of lipids reduce risk of disease?

  leads to decreased levels of saturated fats which can reduce risk of cardiovascular disease
• dietary fiber:

  • Healthy digestive tract
  • reduces risk of cardiovascular disease
• Fatty acids:

  • Maintenance of mental and visual function
  • reduces risk of cardiovascular disease
• Prebiotics:

  • Improved gastrointestinal health
  • improved calcium absorption
• probiotics:

  • assists in the maintenance of gut flora
  • assists in immune system
• antioxidants:

  • improved heart health
  • support digestive health
• complications of diabetes:

  • kidney or bladder damage
  • high blood pressure
  • foot ulcers and amputations
• What is a food commodity?

  Agricultural product. (food product)
• what is a food technology?

  Food technology is the application of science and engineering to the production, processing, preservation, packaging, and distribution of food.
• Mechanical digestion:

  • chewing food in mouth
  • food moving through oesophagus via peristalsis
• chemical digestion:

  • enzymes in saliva begin to break starch down into maltose
  • stomach gastric juices turn food into chyme
• what is a biofuel?

  Renewable fuel made from organic matter, such as plants or animal waste.
• what is a tarriff?

  Tax on imported goods
• what is a functional food?

  Food with health benefits beyond basic nutrition.
• what is a fortified functional food?

  Food fortified with additional nutrients.
• what is a modified functional food?

  Functional food with added ingredients for health benefits.
• what are complete proteins?


  Proteins containing all essential amino acids.
• what are incomplete proteins?


  Proteins lacking one or more essential amino acids.
• what is HACCP?


  Food safety system. Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points
• What is a photochemical?


  a probiotic, antioxidant and phytoestorgen.
• what is the role of a phytochemical?

  defense in the bodies immune system and strengthening the immune system