Science - Chemistry

Created by

Chloe Lastimosa

Cards (31)

o Reactant – the chemical that react together in a reaction
o Product – the chemical produced in a reaction
o Word equations – a chemical reaction written using the names of the reactants and products involved
o Chemical formulas – chemicals written in their elemental symbols
o Coefficients – the number placed before a molecule/formula unit in a chemical equation to ensure that it is balanced
o Reaction Rate – the quantity of the reactant is used up or product made per unit time; how fast the reaction goes
o Concentration – the amount of substance in a volume
o Pressure – The force produced by collisions of gas particles per unit of area of the container walls
o Volume – is the amount of space occupied by a sample of matter
o Surface area – The area of the outer part or surface of an object
o Agitation – stirring or shaking
o Temperature – a measure of the average kinetic energy of atoms or molecules in the system
Catalyst – a chemical that speeds up the chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy and does not get used up in the process
o Independent variable – variable being changed
o Dependent variable – variable being measured
o Controlled variable – variable that cannot be changed
o Hypothesis – a testable prediction
o Energy – the ability to do work
o Heat – energy that is transferred from one body to another as a result of difference in temperature
o Exothermic – energy is released
o Endothermic – energy is absorbed
Activation energy – the minimum amount of energy by a reacting molecule, to get converted into a product
o Enthalpy – The total energy inside a substance
o Chemical Reaction – is a process whereby chemical bonds between atoms are formed or broken
o Collision theory – explains why different reactions occur and how they can occur at different rates, it states that for a chemical reaction to occur – particles must collide with one another
How does Concentration affect reaction rate? 
Increasing the concentration has a higher chance of successful collisions occurring (since there are more particles available to collide), and so the reaction rate will increase.
How does Pressure/Volume affect reaction rate 
When gaseous particles are under high pressure they are more likely to collide as there are more particles to collide with in a smaller volume. Therefore, increasing the pressure increases the rate of reaction.
How Agitation affects reaction rate ? 
Stirring or agitating a chemical reaction increases the reaction rate as it allows more particles to collide with one another.
How can Temperature affect reaction rate?
temperature increases reaction rate by making it more likely for particles to collide (because they're moving faster), and by giving the particles in the reaction enough energy to meet the reaction's activation energy
How can Surface area affect reaction rate?
Increasing the surface area of a solid will cause the reaction rate to increase. This is because there are more particles exposed to the reaction, which will increase the frequency of collisions.
How can Catalysts affect reaction rates?
Catalysts increase reaction rate by providing an alternate pathway for the reaction which has a lower activation energy.