CHEMISTRY

• • The Ideal Gas Law states that the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to its volume, given constant temperature and moles of gas.
• The Ideal Gas Law can be derived from the combination of Boyle's Law, Charles's Law, and Avogadro's Law.
• Ideal Gas Law - is a fundamental principle in thermodynamics and chemistry that describes the behavior of ideal gases. It states that the pressure (P) of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature (T) and the number of gas molecules (n), and inversely proportional to its volume (V), when the amount of gas and the gas constant (R) remain constant
• P is pressure

  V is volume

  n is the number of moles of gas

  R is the gas constant and,

  T is temperature in Kelvin
• Ideal Gas Formula - PV = nRT
• Volume - With shrinking and expanding, surroundings do change, With every step, space is rearranged. Not tangible, not consumable.
• Pressure - With every squeeze, the world bows down, With every push, nature does frown. You can't see it, you can't feel it.
• Combined Gas Law - works when everything with the exception of volume, pressure, and temperature are held constant. This law makes use of relationships shared by temperature, pressure, and volume.
• P1 = initial pressure

  V1 = initial volume

  T1 = initial temperature

  P2 = final pressure

  V2= final volume

  T2 = final temperature
• Temperature should always be in kelvin for the purpose of calculation. So, if the units are available in the Celsius scale, then one must convert them to kelvin. Furthermore, the conversion to kelvin can easily be done by adding 273.15K to the particular unit.
• Combined gas law is simply a combination of the other gas laws including Charles’ law, Boyle’s law, and Gay-Lussac’s law.
• Combined Gas Law Formula -

  
• Avogadro's Law is named after Amedeo Avogadro
• Lorenzo Romano Amedeo Carlo Avogadro, Count of Quaregna and Cerreto was an Italian scientist, most noted for his contribution to molecular theory now known as Avogadro's law.
• Avogadro's Law - describes a direct relationship between the volume (V) of a gas and the number of moles (n) of that gas, provided the temperature (T)and pressure (P) are constant.
• Avogadro's Law describes a direct relationship between the volume (V) of a gas and the number of moles (n) of that gas, provided the temperature (T)and pressure (P) are constant.
• Avogadro's Law - describes a direct relationship between the volume (V) of a gas and the number of moles (n) of that gas, provided the temperature (T)and pressure (P) are constant.
• Avogadro's Law Formula: V1 /n1 = V2/n2
• • V1 is the first volume of the gas,

  • V2 is the second Volume of the gas.

  • n1 is the first number of moles of gas.

  • n2 is the second number of moles of gas
• Avogadro's Law implies that if the number of moles of gas is doubled, the volume will also double, as long as the temperature and pressure remain constant.
• CHARLES' LAW - states that the volume of an ideal gas is directly proportional to the absolute temperature at constant pressure.
• CHARLES' LAW - states that the volume of an ideal gas is directly proportional to the absolute temperature at constant pressure.
• CHARLES' LAW - states that the volume of an ideal gas is directly proportional to the absolute temperature at constant pressure.
• Charles' Law is named after JACQUES-ALEXANDRE CHARLES.
• • V1​ is the initial volume of the gas
  • T1​ is the initial temperature (in Kelvin) of the gas
  • V2​ is the final volume of the gas
  • T2​ is the final temperature (in Kelvin) of the gas
• Charles' Law Formula

  
• Charles' Law Formula (Bonus)

  
• Charles' Law states that the volume of a gas expands as the temperature increases, provided the pressure is held constant.
• Charles' Law states that the volume of a gas expands as the temperature increases, provided the pressure is held constant.
• Gay-Lussac Law is a variant of the ideal gas law which states that the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to the temperature of a gas where the volume of gas is held constant.
• Gay-Lussac Law is a variant of the ideal gas law which states that the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to the temperature of a gas where the volume of gas is held constant.
• Gay-Lussac Law is a variant of the ideal gas law which states that the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to the temperature of a gas where the volume of gas is held constant.
• Gay-Lussac Law is a variant of the ideal gas law which states that the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to the temperature of a gas where the volume of gas is held constant.
• Gay-Lusaac's Law is also known as the pressure-temperature law.
• In Gay-Lussac’s law, its mass is constant and its volume is held constant.
• Gay Lusaac's Law Formula

  
• • P1 is the initial pressure
  • T1 is the initial temperature
  • P2 is the final pressure
  • T2 is the final temperature
• The final pressure will always have a bigger value than the initial pressure, the same goes for temperature
• Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures by John Dalton
• Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures by John Dalton states that in a mixture of gases, the pressure exerted by each gas is independent of the others. The total pressure exerted by the mixture is the sum of the pressures exerted by each gas individually.