Paré (1510-1590)

• Born in France
• Went on to be a surgeon to four French kings and the most famous surgeon in Europe
• Observed that cauterising wounds with hot oil caused pain and suffering
• When he ran out of hot oil on the battlefield, he used a mixture of egg whites, turpentine and rose oil
• Promoted use of ligatures instead of cauterisation
• Wrote Anatomíe Universelle in 1561 and Works on Surgery in 1575
• Translated vesalius’s books from Latin to French I get them to a wider audience
• Speed was crucial on the battlefield so ligatures weren’t always effective because they were time consuming and made it difficult to keep infection at bay
• Couldn’t control pain and infection in surgery
• Didn’t do much on the three limitations of surgery, but came up with some good ideas of treatment and pain management that were effective outside a battlefield
• Made prosthetic limbs to help with amputation recovery