Heart and Neck Vessels

• The anterior chest area


  precordium
• The bicuspid, or mitral, valve is located

  between the left atrium and the left ventricle
• The semilunar valves are located


  at the beginning of the ascending aorta
• The sinoatrial node of the heart is located on the


  posterior wall of the right atrium
• The P-wave phase of an electrocardiogram (ECG) represents


  conduction of the impulse throughout the atria
• Assessment technique most often associated with evaluation of the cardiovascular system

  Auscultation
• Event of the heart when contraction of the ventricles forces blood into major vessels

  systole
• Palpable murmur described as feeling like the throat of a purring cat

  thrill
• Audible variation between closure of two valves

  splitting
• Localized area of tissue necrosis caused by prolonged anoxia

  infarct
• Area of auscultation located at the apex and assessing the left ventricle; fourth to fifth ICS at left midclavicular line (MCL)


  mitral
• Part of stethoscope used to auscultate normal heart sounds


  diaphragm
• The portion of the stethoscope used to assess for murmurs

  bell
• During a cardiac examination, the nurse can best hear the S1 heart sound by placing the stethoscope at the client's:


  second left interspace
• The S4 heart sound

  is often termed ventricular gallop
• An adult client with chest pain and pain down her left arm should be referred to a physician for possible:

  angina
• Risk factors for coronary heart disease include

  high serum level of low-density lipoproteins
• In a presentation about coronary heart disease for middle-aged adults, the nurse should include information about:

  the role of cholesterol and blood pressure in heart attack risk
• In assessing the cardiovascular system of an adult client with emphysema, the nurse anticipates difficulty palpating the:

  apical pulse
• When planning to auscultate a female adult client's carotid arteries, the nurse should

  palpate the arteries before auscultation
• A bruit detected over the carotid artery is usually


  associated with occlusive arterial disease
• Fully extended jugular veins in a hospitalized adult client indicate

  increased central venous pressure
• A thrill detected while palpating various areas of the chest in an adult client indicates the need for further assessment for

  cardiac murmur
• To auscultate Erb point, the nurse should place the stethoscope at the

  third to fifth intercostal space at the left sternal border
• An irregular heart rate and rhythm detected during auscultation warrants


  referral to a physician
• An S3 heart sound at the beginning of the diastolic pause in an adolescent client is typically

  a normal finding in adolescents
• Opening snaps early in diastole detected during auscultation of the heart usually indicate

  mitral valve stenosis
• Paradoxical pulses detected in an adult client during examination are usually indicative of

  left-sided heart failure
• Area of auscultation located at second ICS and left sternal border

  pulmonic
• Area of auscultation at second ICS and right sternal border


  aortic