DNA and the Genome

• DNA


  Genetic material that determines inherited features
• DNA


  • Consists of two strands
  • Each strand is a polymer made by joining smaller molecules
  • The two strands wrap around each other to form a double helix
• Chromosome


  Contains the molecule DNA
• Gene


  A small section of DNA on a chromosome that encodes a specific sequence of amino acids to make a specific protein
• Humans have thousands of genes, with over 700 genes on chromosome 9
• Genome


  The entire genetic material of an organism
• Human genome


  • Has been studied by scientists
  • Helps search for genes linked to diseases like cancer and Alzheimer's
  • Helps understand and treat inherited disorders like cystic fibrosis
  • Helps trace human migration patterns and ancestry