biomechanical analysis

• 
  

  · Qualitative analysis to identify flaws and prescribe specific exercises.

  · Identify exercises/drills that stimulate performance.
• Qualitative anatomical analysis:

  ·      Identify predominant muscle activity during phases of performance.

  ·      Identify instants of large stress due to large muscle forces/extreme ROM.
• Methods of identifying:

  ·      Feeling performers muscles.

  ·      Performing activity > waiting for DOMS.

  ·      Electromyography (quantitative) or video analysis (qualitative).
• Types of biomechanical analysis:

  • Qualitative (descriptive feedback ).
  •   Quantitative ( elite athletes due to being timely/costly ).
• Analysing technique:

  Error:

  ·       tactical= poor judgment or decision .

  ·       Technical: correct decision but executed poorly ( match statistics).

  Flaw:

  ·      Could lead to injury or limit performance.
• Preparation:

  knowledge of the skill:

  ·      Familiarise with the skill (strategy, physical requirement, rules).

  ·      Information source ( experience expert opinion, scientific research).

  Purpose of the skill:

  ·      Purpose/goal of skill= desired outcome.

  Knowledge of athlete:

  ·      Skill level (size of errors/variability).

  ·      Fitness (fatigue/flexibility).

  ·      Motivation/aspiration (concentration/Desire to achieve).

  ·      Anthropometry (anatomy/body composition).
• Characteristics of technique:

  Method 1: assessment of traditional technique.

  ·      Observe performance by elite athletes

  ·      Refer to coaching manuals.

  Method 2: develop mechanical foundation of skill.

  ·      Deterministic model to identify cause and effect.
• observation:

  • environmental conditions.
  • plane, distance, position of observation
  • videoed for replay.
  • phasic approach (break skill up).
• Identifying error/flaws: check flaws are not psychological, physiological, tactical response.

  ·      Discrepancies (flaws) are ranked.

  ·      Never rank an effect (only cause).

  ·      Influence of flaw on performance.

  ·      Consider time to correct and relative to events.
• Intervention: effectively communicate  flaw correction strategies in a meaningful way, then re-observe.

  ·      Describe verbally.

  ·      Demonstrate.

  ·      Video.

  Correct the flaw:

  ·      Break into parts.

  ·      Skill progression.

  ·      Extend skill.
• Video camera considerations:

  • Picture quality.
  • Video file format
  • Camera lens.
  • Sampling frequency-frame rate must be twice value of highest frequency component contained in the pure signal.
  • Shutter/exposure time (low=long exposure time and blurred image vs high= short exposure time and sharp image).
• Calibration:

  ·      Requires a calibration object.

  ·      Must be placed in same plane as movement.

  ·      Must be placed at same distance as movement.
• Trials:

  • more trials necessary for novice.
  • 3 trials ALWAYS needed for SPE2BMA.