Archaeology

• Archaeology


  The study of remains left by people in the past
• Excavation


  Digging up the ground to find these remains
• Reasons for excavation


  • Aerial photographs showing structures
  • Research archaeology using old documents or maps
  • Rescue archaeology to save evidence before new construction
• Conditions like extreme dryness or airlessness help preserve evidence
• Steps archaeologists follow


  1. Surveying

  2. Carefully removing soil

  3. Recording artefacts' locations

  4. Transporting them to museums
• Radiocarbon (carbon-14) dating


  Measures the amount of carbon-14 to determine age
• Dendrochronology


  Dating method using tree rings
• Stratigraphy


  Dating based on how deep artefacts are buried
• Pollen analysis


  Studies pollen to understand what was growing at a site
• Geophysical survey


  Analyzes the ground for artefacts and structures
• DNA testing


  Reveals origins and ethnicity of people
• 3D reconstruction


  Uses computer models to recreate faces from skulls
• Examining bones


  Provides information about a person's sex, age, height, and diet
• Conservation


  Protecting and preserving historical objects and structures to prevent decay
• Skills and Methods Used in Archaeology (IMPORTANT)