POLGOV 4 1

• Branches of the Philippine Government


  Executive, Legislative, Judicial. They are all co-equal with one another.
• President as head of government


  Leads and spearheads government processes
• President as head of state

  The symbolic representation of the people of the country
• Qualifications to become a President or Vice President

  1.Must be a natural born Filipino

  2.A registered voter

  3. Must be able to read and write

  4. Must be 40 years old on or before the day of election

  5. A resident of the Philippines at least 10 years before the election is held
• Term of Office of a President

  The President and Vice President shall be elected by a direct vote of the people for the term of six years. The President shall not be eligible for any re-election
• Vice President


  May be appointed as a member of the Cabinet. Such appointment requires no confirmation. No vice president shall serve for more than two successive terms.
• Replacement in Office


  In case of Death, Permanent Disability, Removal From Office, or Resignation of the President, the Vice-President shall become the President to serve the unexpired term. If ever the President and the Vice President died on the same time, the Senate President will replace the position as Acting President.
• Powers of the Philippine President

  1.The power of control over all executive departments, bureaus, and office.

  2. The Power to Appoint Various Officials in Government.

  3. The Military Power

  4. The Power to Grant Reprieves, Commutations, Pardons and Amnesty

  5. The Power to Contract or Guarantee Foreign Loans.

  6. The Power to enter into treatises or international agreements

  7. The Power to Submit Budget to Congress.

  8. The power to address Congress

  9. The power to approve or veto bills
• Cabinet


  composed of executive departments deal with various aspects of governance. They are headed by secretaries who serve as alter ego of the President.
• Commission on Appointments


  Made up of members from the congress which confirms the appointments made by the President. A constitutional body which confirms or rejects certain political appointments
• Midnight Appointment


  appointment to the political office made during the last hours of the term of office of the person in whom the right of making such appointment is vested
• The 1987 Constitution prohibits the President from making permanent appointments within 2 months immediately before the next presidential election and up to the end of his term.
• As Commander-in-Chief, the President may

  1.Call out out the armed forces to prevent or suppress lawless violence, invasion, or rebellion.

  2. Suspend the writ of habeas corpus (directs a person, usually a prison warden, to produce the prisoner and justify the prisoner’s detention).

  3. Declare a state of Martial Law
• In case of invasion or rebellion, the President may, for a period does not exceed 60 days, suspend the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus or place Philippines or any part thereof under martial law.

  Within 48 hours from the proclamation of Martial Law or Suspension of the privilege of the writ o habeas corpus, the president shall submit report in person or in writing to the Congress.

  The Congress may, in the same manner, extend such proclamation or suspension for a period to be determined by the Congress
• Pardon


  Manifests the forgiveness of the President as head of State. It exempts an individual from the punishment the law inflicts for a crime he/she committed
• Conditional Pardon


  There are certain rights restored. The pardon is only granted with conditions
• Absolute Pardon


  Complete granting of pardon
• Commutation


  Reduces the imposition of a penalty to an offender.
• Amnesty


  General pardon to rebels who commit treason or other high political offenses. It looks backward and erases the offense itself. The person who is granted amnesty is considered not to have committed the crime. Amnesty to be given by the President must have the occurrence of a majority of all members of the Congress.
• Reprieve


  Suspends the imposition of the penalty to an offender or delays it
• The President can borrow money from foreign sources and can guarantee the payment of foreign loans. The borrowing power must have prior consent of the Monetary Board.
• As President wields diplomatic power and can enter into treatises and other international agreements. However, no treaty or agreement shall be valid and effective unless concurred in by at least 2/3 of all members of the Senate.
• Veto


  The power to refuse to sign a bill, sending the bill back to the house where it originated along with his objections
• Pocket Veto


  A bill is approved if the President has not communicated within 30 days of receipt.