bruh its tommarow

• Annealing Process


  Heating steel to a desired temperature, holding it at that temperature for a period of time, then slowly cooling.
• Normalising Process


  Heating steel to a desired temperature, holding it at that temperature for a short period of time, then cooling in air.
• Hardening Process


  Heating high carbon steel until it's red hot then quenching it in cold water or oil.
• Tempering Process


  Heating high carbon steel to the desired temperature depending on the use case then quenching in cold water.
• Effects of annealing


  - Increased Toughness

  - Reduced Hardness

  - Increased Ductility
• Effects of normalising


  - Increased Hardness

  - Increased Strength

  - Easier to work

  - Increased Brittleness
• Effects of hardening


  - Increases Hardness

  - Increases Brittleness

  (often tempered after to reduce brittleness)
• Effects of tempering (At high temperatures)


  - Reduced Brittleness

  - Increased Ductility

  - Reduced Strength

  - Reduced Hardness
• Effects of tempering (At low temperatures)


  - Reduced Brittleness

  - Decrease Ductility

  - Increase Strength

  - Increase Hardness