Written

• phosphorus


  P4
• sulfur


  S8
• sulfuric acid


  H2SO4
• nitric acid


  HNO3
• Phosphoric acid


  H3PO4
• silver ion


  Ag+
• Zinc ion


  Zn2+
• Ammonium ion


  NH4+
• Nitrate ion

  NO3-
• Sulfate ion


  SO42-
• Carbonate ion


  Co32-
• Hydrogencarbonate ion


  HCO3-
• hydride ion


  H-
• Phosphate ion


  PO43-
• metal + water -> metal hydroxide + hydrogen
• Metal + acid -> salt + hydrogen
• Oxide + acid -> salt + water
• Hydroxide + acid -> salt + water
• carbonate + acid -> salt + water + carbon dioxide
• Hydrogencarbonate + acid -> salt + water + carbon dioxide
• ammonia + acid -> ammonium salt
• metal carbonate -> metal oxide + carbon dioxide (on heating) (thermal decomposition)
• acid + hydroxide ionic equation


  H+(aq) + OH-(aq) -> H2O(l)
• Acid + carbonate ionic equation

  2H+(aq) + CO32-(aq) -> H2O(l) +CO2(g)
• acid + hydrogencarbonate ionic equation

  H+(aq) + HCO3-(aq) -> H2O(l) + CO2(g)
• acid + ammonia ionic equation


  H+(aq) + NH3(aq) -> NH4+(aq)
• Example of insoluble salts:

  • BaSO4