medicine through time

• Edward Jenner was given £30,000 to produce smallpox vaccines
• in 1853, the smallpox vaccine was made compulsory.
• in 1980, small pox was eradicated.
• the hippocratic corpus was a written collection of Hippocrates' work.
• Galen thought that blood travelled through a septum in the heart
• Galen thought that the human jaw was made of two separate bones.
• trepanning involves cutting a hole in the skull
• bloodletting is the process of bleeding patients
• the Qur'an tells muslims they have a duty to care for people who are sick
• Rhazes created the first documented hospital
• Rhazes wrote over 200 books
• Rhazes found the difference between smallpox and measles
• Avicenna wrote the cannon of medicine
• Avicenna built on ideas of Galen, and didn't just copy them
• the crusades spread Islamic ideas to Europe
• John Bradmore used honey and wine as antiseptic for a wound in the Prince's cheek
• Hugh and Theodoric of Luca questioned the ideas of Galens ideas of pus
• the black death arrived in england in 1348 and killed 1/3 of the population
• flagellants whipped themselves to punish themselves for their sins
• in 1440 Johannes Gutenberg made the printing press
• Vesalius published the fabric of the human body in 1543
• Vesalius proved that the jaw was one bone and that blood didn't travel through a septum in the heart
• Vesalius studied at Padua where he explores dissection
• Paré used an ointment of rose oil instead of cauterisation on accident
• although the ointment worked better than cauterisation, infection didnt stop
• Paré created ligatures and prosthetic limbs, but these weren't safe from infection either.
• Paré published the treatise on surgery
• Harvey studies anatomy in Padua
• Harvey discovered that the heart pumped blood, and valves in blood vessels.
• Harvey's work was influential to blood transfusions, when Landsteiner discovered blood groups in 1901.
• The great plague came to England in 1665 and killed 100,000 people
• the government introduced quarantine for ships
• if someone had the plague they were locked inside with a red cross painted on the door
• mass graves were created with a bill of mortality
• in 1666, the great fire of london was thought to have ended the plague
• apothecaries sold medicines and remedies, and were trained in the use of herbs and minerals
• quack doctors were untrained an unlicensed
• Hunter's collection of body parts is now in the Royal College of Surgeons
• John Hunter had over 14,000 items in his collection