A01

• recidivism

  • tendency to reoffend after release from prison
  • UK has some of the highest recidivism rates in the world- 57% of offenders reoffending
  • norway has much lower rates where they focus on rehabilitation
• 4 aims of custodial sentencing

  1. deterrence- put people off from offending
  2. incapacitiation- protects the public especially from offenders who committed serious crimes
  3. retribution- punishment matches severity of crime
  4. rehabilitation- re-educate,train and offer treatments to criminals for them to reintergrate back into society
• psychological effects of custodial sentencing

  • stress and depression- self hard or suicide
  • institutionalisation- struggle to adapt back to real world as used to routines of prinson
  • prisonisation- prisoners adopt an 'inmate code', behaviours only rewarded inside prison and not accepted in society