Controlling Blood Glucose

• hormones involved in blood glucose

  • insulin
  • glucagon
• if there is a high blood glucose concentration..

  • pancreas detects blood glucose is too high
  • pancreas produces insulin
  • glucose moves into cells
  • liver and muscle cells convert glucose to glycogen
  • glucose concentration returns to normal
• if there is a low blood glucose concentration...

  • pancreas detects blood flow is too low
  • pancreas produces glucagon
  • liver and muscle cells convert glycogen to glucose
  • glucose moves out of cell
• difference between both types of diabetes

  • type 1 - cant produce any insulin at all
  • type 2 -too less insulin is produced or is produced but not effective
• type 1 diabetes is caused when the pancreas fails to produce sufficient insulin to control blood glucose concentration
• type 2 diabetes is caused when blood cells no longer respond to insulin produced by the pancreas
• type 1 diabetes

  • symptoms - pancreas produces little to no insulin / uncontrolled levels of blood glucose
  • treatments - insulin injected into body
• type 2 diabetes

  • symptoms - frequent urination , fatigue , blurred vision
  • treatments - balanced diet , losing weight , regular exercise
• blood glucose regulation is an example of negative feedback because when it rises insulin brings it down and when if lowers glucagon brings it up