IB Big 4 Film elements

• Mise-en-scene

  All of the elements placed in front of the camera to be photographed: the settings and props, lighting, costumes and makeup, and figure behavior.
• What does CCLAMPS represent?

  Color, Costumes, Lighting, Acting/Expression, Makeup/Hair, Props, Setting
• cinematography


  A general term for all the manipulations of the film strip by the camera in the shooting phase and by the laboratory in the developing phase.
• editing (film)


  the cutting and joining together of various shots in postproduction.
• Sound design


  the process of specifying, acquiring, manipulating or generating audio elements
• Objective cinematography


  Gives a neutral pov, meaning that there is a clear separation between the viewer and subject, each standing in their own sphere of existence. When the camera angle allows for a very objective and neutral pov i.e. without any low or high angles, the viewer gets the opportunity to see the scene just as it is.
• subjective cinematography


  using the camera to force the viewer into the scene, eventually associating herself/himself with the story
• what are some ways to film?

  Tripod, Hand-held filming, dolly, and stedicam
• Tripod


  a three-footed stand often used to balance a camera

  
• Hand-held filming


  gives some subjectiveness and allows the camera to be shakey

  
• dolly


  The camera physically moves toward or away from the subject to make it appear closer or further away
• stedicam


  a steady camera allowing for sharp/fast movement/turns. a stabilization system for motion picture or video cameras that allows a single operator to easily make smooth shots while moving

  
• Pan


  A camera movement with the camera body turning to the right or left. On the screen, it produces a mobile framing that scans the space horizontally most often but it can be vertical

  
• tilt


  to cause to lean, incline, slope, or slant. A stationary camera moves up or down along a vertical axis like a head on a neck

  
• Tracking


  the camera follows action or precedes it

  
• zoom


  The amount of magnification used to show content onscreen; the higher the zoom, the larger the content.

  
• dolly shot


  a shot in which the camera is moved on a wheeled dolly and the rest of the "world" will look different as you move

  
• depth of field


  the distance between the nearest and the furthest objects that give an image judged to be in focus in a camera.

  
• deep depth of field


  When all aspects of a photograph are in focus from front to back.

  
• shallow depth of field


  Only part of your image will be in focus and

  the rest will be fuzzy.

  
• extreme long shot (ELS/XLS)


  The biggest shot a camera can capture of the subject matter. The subject is far away if present at all.

  
• Long Shot (LS)


  A shot from some distance. If filming a person, the full body is shown. It may show the isolation or vulnerability of the character. The whole subject with some space

  
• Full Shot (FS)


  a long shot that captures the subject's entire body head to toe

  
• Medium Long Shot (MLS)


  A shot that includes the top of a subject's head to a line just above or just below the knee.

  
• medium shot


  A framing in which the scale of the object shown is of moderate size; a human figure seen from the waist up would fill most of the screen.

  
• Medium Close Up (MCU)


  The camera is placed at a distance that shows the subject from the the shoulder up. Is often used for interviews and is often known as the dreaded headshot.

  
• Close Up (CU)


  A shot that often shows a part of the subject. Mostly a body filling the frame—traditionally a face, but possibly a hand, eye, or mouth.

  
• Choker shot


  A variant of a Close-Up, this shot frames the subject's face from above the eyebrows to below the mouth

  
• Extreme Close Up (XCU)


  A shot that shows only a small portion or detail of a character's body (eyes, ears, mouth) or a tiny object.

  
• bird's eye view


  A shot in which the camera photographs a scene from directly overhead looking straight down from afar

  
• High Angle Shot (HAS)


  The camera is looking down from above the eye level of the subject

  
• Low-Angle Shot (LAS)


  The camera is looking up from below eye level

  
• Worm's Eye View


  A photo shot from below, or a ground-level angle. Most often the ground is seen.

  
• two shot


  a scene between two people shot exclusively from an angle that includes both characters more or less equally. It is used in love scenes where interaction between the two characters is important.

  
• Dutch Tilt


  a shot made with the camera leaned to one side and filming at a diagonal angle

  
• Over the Shoulder (OTS)


  used to shoot a conversation. Camera positioned behind the shoulder of the character the subject is speaking to.

  
• Point of View (POV) Shot

  A shot taken with the camera placed approximately where the character's eyes would be, showing what the character would see; usually cut in before or after a shot of the character looking.

  
• master shot


  The recording of a full scene, from start to finish, that has all of the talent and action in one framed sequence.

  
• Rule of Thirds


  A composition rule that divides the screen into thirds horizontally and vertically, like a tic-tac toe grid placed over the picture on a television set. Almost all of the important information included in every shot is located at one of the four intersections of the horizontal and vertical lines

  
• Leading Lines


  A photo composition technique in which real or imaginary lines in a photo lead the eye to the dominant element, primary subject or center of interest.