Nervous System

• Neurons: functional unit of the nervous system that transmit electrical impulses
• Sensory Neuron: A neuron that transmits information from the environment to the brain.
• Interneurons: connect the sensory neurons and motor neurons to the central nervous system
• Motor Neurons: Neurons that carry impulses from the CNS to the effectors
• dendrite: receives information and conducts the impulse towards the cell body
• cell body: contains nucleus
• axon: carries the impulse towards other neurons
• Axon terminal: The end of an axon that receives signals from other neurons.
• Myelin sheath: a fatty protein that provides insulin and prevents the loss of charged ions and allows for a faster impulse
• Schwann Cells: what forms the myelin sheath
• Node of Ranvier: the gaps between each myeline sheath
• Neurilemma: the membrane that is produced by schwann cells and allows for some nerve cells to regenerate
• Reflex Arc: Receptor -> SIM -> Effector
• Action potential:

  1. resting potential
  2. depolarization
  3. action potential
  4. repolarization
  5. hyperpolarization