Terminologies

• are considered THERAPEUTIC DRUGS because of their use in treating diseases.

  Blood / Blood products
• The transfusion of blood cells is also transplantation, in that the cells must survive and function after transfusion to a

  Therapeutic effect
• is a bank of blood and their components, gathered as a result of blood donation, where it is stored with preservative for later use in transfusion.

  Blood bank
• Goal of blood preservation

  provide a viable and functional blood components for patients requiring blood transfusion
• at least what percent of cells that have been transfused should remain viable for 24 hours

  70%
• To maintain optimum viability, blood is stored in _ state between _-_°C for a specific number of days

  liquid, 1-6
• ACD stands for, shelf life:

  Acid citrate dextrose, 21 days
• CPD stands for, shelf life:

  Citrate phosphate dextrose, 21 days
• CP2D stands for, shelf life:

  Citrate phosphate double dextrose, 21 days
• CPDA-1 stands for, shelf life:

  Citrate phosphate adenine-1, 35 days
• CPDA-2 stands for, shelf life:

  Citrate phosphate adenine-2, 42 days
• Shelf life of heparin

  2 days
• Anticoagulant: calcium removing agent, primary anticoagulant, massive transfusion might lead to hypocalcemia

  citrate
• Anticoagulant: provide energy for the cell

  dextrose
• Anticoagulant: prevent caramelization

  citric acid
• Anticoagulant: increase the levels of ATP

  phosphate buffer
• Anticoagulant: improves the survival or red cells

  adenine
• Sample are collected in what tubes

  red (serum)

  lavender (EDTA)

  pink (plasma)
• Why SST tubes containing gel are not acceptable

  the gel will coat the rbc and interfere with testing
• Does hemolysis also interferes with the interpretation of the results

  Yes
• _ can result in a sentinel event

  Misidentification or mislabeling
• is critical step in blood bank

  patient identification
• maximum collection of no more than _ of whole blood per kilogram of body weight including sample

  10.5ml
• donor interval

  8 weeks after whole blood donation
• Criteria for donor collection:

  Age

  Temperature

  Weight

  HCT

  HGB

  16 years +

  <37.5°C / 99.5°F

  110 pounds / 50 kg

  >38%

  >12.5g/dL
• AABB stands for

  Association for the Advancement of Blood and Biotherapies
• Types of whole blood donation

  Allogeneic

  Autologous
• Types of donor

  Voluntary / none numerated

  Family / replacement

  Paid / professional / commercial
• Type of donor:

  • no any form of payments
  • low incidence and prevalence of transfusion transmissible infections
  • absence of the risk of anemia
  • donors are more willing to donate more regularly
  • expressed a commitment to donate blood during emergency

  Voluntary / none numerated
• type of donor:

  • require to give blood when a member of patient's family or community needs it

  family / replacement
• Type of donor:

  • Gives blood but receives money in return
  • Disadvantage: high incidence and prevalence of transfusion transmissible infection; often donors are malnourished and of poor health

  Paid / professional / commercial
• Standard procedure and guidelines in donor screening

  Registration

  Medical history questionnaire

  Physical examination

  Blood Collection

  Post donation instruction
• Prospective donor is unable to donate blood for a limited period of time

  Temporary deferral
• Prospective donor is unable to donate blood for someone else for an unspecified period of time due to current regulatory requirements. This donor would not be able to donate blood until the current requirement change, these donors may be eligible to donate autologous blood

  Indefinite deferral
• Prospective donor will never be eligible to donate blood for someone else. These donors may be eligible to donate autologous blood; some _ deferrals may result from the testing performed on a previous donation

  Permanent deferral
• The test between a prospective recipient of a blood transfusion and his proposed donor (or donors) is known as the

  compatibility test
• agglutination means presence of abnormal antibodies in the blood

  Antibody screen
• determines transfusion incompatibility

  Direct antihuman globulin test
• shows the blood group and type

  type and rh
• shows the blood group and screens for antibodies in the recipient's blood

  type and crossmatch