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Chemistry - C1 Atomic struture
Separating Techniques
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Filtration, crystallisation + evaporation
1.
Physical
method
2. Doesn't produce new
substances
3. No chemical
reaction
occurring
Filtration
Separates
the components of a
mixture
Separates an
insoluble
solid
from a
liquid
Insoluble
Doesn't
dissolve
in solvent
Soluble
Compound
dissolves
Indicated by (
aq
) label
If not
soluble
, use (
s)
label
Soluble group
1
metals
Na+
K+
Li+
Filtration procedure
1. Grab a
funnel
and funnel paper
2. Put
funnel
paper in
funnel
and fit in
beaker
3. Pour
mixture
into
funnel
4.
Liquid
will seep through
5.
Solid residue
will remain in
filter paper
Compounds formed from
non-metals
have very
different properties
from the original elements
Elements
Iron
(magnetic
metal
)
Sulfur
(
yellow
powder)
Compound
Iron sulfide
(dull grey lump)
Ca(OH)2
Calcium
atom, 2
oxygen
atoms, 2 hydrogen atoms
RAM
(Relative Atomic Mass)
(Isotope abundance x
mass
no) +
100
Isotopes
Same
protons
, different
neutrons
2NaOH
2
sodium,
2
oxygen, 2 hydrogen
Molecules
2
or more
atoms
held together by
chemical
bonds
e.g. O2,
CO2
, H2O
Electron energy levels
Lowest
energy levels are always filled first,
closest
to
nucleus
Alpha particles
Positively
charged
Most went
straight
through, so most of atom is
empty
space
Some were
deflected
, so nucleus must have
positive
charge
Few bounced straight back, so most of mass is
concentrated
in
nucleus