Behaviorism and Social Learning

• Behaviorism


  Observed behavior as a predictable response to experience
• Behaviorism


  • Reacting to conditions or aspects of their environment that find pleasing, painful, or threatening
• Classical Conditioning


  Response to a stimulus is evoked after repeated association with a stimulus that normally elicits response
• Operant Conditioning


  Consequences of "operating" on the environment; reinforcements and punishments
• Reinforcement


  Increasing the likelihood that the behavior will be repeated
• Punishment


  Decreasing the likelihood of repetition
• Reinforcement is most effective when it immediately follows a behavior
• Extinguished


  Behavior returns to its original level when a response is no longer reinforced
• Social Learning Theory


  Reciprocal Determinism: the impetus for development is bidirectional
• Behaviorism


  Stimulus > response
• Social Cognitive Theory


  Stimulus > response > stimulus
• Observational Learning


  People learn appropriate social behavior chiefly by observing and imitating models
• Social Cognitive Theory


  Cognitive processes are at work as people observe models, learn chunks of behavior, and mentally put the chunks together into complex new behavior patterns
• Self-Efficacy


  Confidence in one's ability