Microbe-Human Interactions

• Mosquitoes is the most common vector for humans and brought diseases such as West Nile Virus, Malaria, and Dengue?
• Robert Koch - scientist established a set of criteria, known as postulates, to identify specific bacteria as the cause of specific diseases, significantly advancing the understanding of infectious diseases
• Short gestation period and rapid reproduction primarily allows microbes to adapt and survive in changing environments
• Prebiotics - therapeutic strategy involves the use of non-digestible food components to selectively stimulate the growth or activity of beneficial bacteria in the colon
• Decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) < 60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 or existence of albuminuria for 3 or more months - the physiological identification of chronic kidney disease (CKD)
• Louis Pasteur - scientist's work laid the foundation for understanding the effect of microorganisms on biological processes, despite not working directly with bacteria
• They are only visible with the help of a microscope - key characteristic of microbes
• Environmental factors, such as diet and exposure to pets, significantly shape the composition of our microbiota - true regarding the colonization of microbes in the human body
• Helicobacter pylori - specific bacterium's role in cancer initiation was a pivotal finding in 1994, leading to increased research on the influence of microbiota in carcinogenesis
• Fungi are microscopic pathogens that reproduce rapidly. FALSE
• Viruses are big enough to the naked eye to see, and can be passed down from one person to another. FALSE
• Pathogens resist immune responses by producing toxins. TRUE
• Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) involves transferring stool from a healthy donor to the gastrointestinal tract of a recipient, aiming to restore a balanced microbial community in the recipient's gut. TRUE
• All microorganisms in the gut microbiome are harmful. FALSE
• What's the primary cause of microbiota dysbiosis? - Diet
• What type of microbes inhabit the mucosal areas of the GI tract? - Anaerobic
• What are the dominant bacterial phyla in the human lower gastro tract

  • Bacteroidetes
  • Firmicutes
  • Actinobacteria
  • Proteobacteria
  • Verrucomicrobia
• Give 1 associated health condition under brain disorder or inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)

  • Parkinson’s disease
  • Alzheimer’s disease
  • Depression
  • Lung cancer
  • Colorectal cancer
  • Pancreatic cancer
  • Oral cancer
• It is the alteration or imbalance of an individual’s microbiome. Dysbiosis
• What role does microbial colonization play during adolescence

  • It influences skin health
  • metabolic processes
  • supports hormonal changes during puberty.