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• Can you describe the DORSAL surface of the tongue?

  irregular
• The DORSAL SURFACE of the TONGUE consists of PAPILLAE of various types on the ANTERIOR 2/3, LINGUAL TONSILS on the POSTERIOR THIRD, and ROOT of the TONGUE.
• Sulcus Terminalis: V-shaped groove responsible for the separation of PAPILLARY and TONSILLAR areas
• Lingual Papillae: elevations of the MUCOUS MEMBRANE
• The LINGUAL PAPILLAE assumes what 4 types of various forms?

  Filiform papillae, foliate papillae, fungiform papillae, vallate papillae
• What lingual papillae is VERY NUMEROUS?

  Filiform
• What lingual papillae has an ELONGATED CONICAL SHAPE?

  Filiform papillae
• Filiform papillae: HEAVILY KERATINIZED which gives their surface a GRAY or WHITISH APPEARANCE.
• What lingual papillae provide a ROUGH SURFACE that facilitates movement of food during chewing?

  Filiform papillae
• What type of lingual papillae is MUCH LESS NUMEROUS?

  Fungiform papillae
• What type of lingual papillae is LIGHTLY KERATINIZED?

  Fungiform
• Fungiform: interspersed among the filiform papillae
• Fungiform papillae: mushroom-shaped
• Fungiform: WELL VASCULARIZED and INNERVATED CORES of LAMINA PROPIA
• Foliate papillae: located at the SIDE of the tongue and the anterior of the sulcus terminalis
• What does rudimentary means?

  poorly developed
• Which lingual papillae is rudimentary in humans especially in older individuals?

  Foliate papillae
• What is the largest lingual papillae and what is its measurement?

  Vallate papillae, 1-3mm
• 8 to 12 are normally aligned in front of the SULCUS TERMINAL
• SALIVARY or VON EBNER GLANDS empty into the deep groove of each papilla.
• What is this?

  Vallate papillae

  
• What is this?

  Foliate papillae

  
• What is this?

  Fungiform papillae

  
• What is this?

  Filiform papillae

  
• Label:

  A) Filiform papillae

  B) Fungiform papillae

  C) Stratified Squamous Epithelium

  D) Taste buds

  E) Lamina propia

  
• Taste buds: ovoid structures
• Taste buds are located within the STRATIFIED EPITHELIUM on the TONGUE'S SURFACE
• The function of the TASTE BUDS is to SAMPLE the general CHEMICAL COMPOSITION of the INGESTED material
• Approximately how many taste buds are present on the lateral surface of each vallate papilla, with many others present on fungiform and foliate but not the keratinized filiform papillae?

  250
• Label:

  A) Gustatory cells

  B) Gustatory microvillus

  C) Taste pore

  D) Supporting cells

  E) Basal cell

  F) Sensory nerve

  
• Supporting or Sustentacular cells: Cells that surround and support the cells of the taste buds.
• Supporting or sustentacular cells: elongated, darker cytoplasm and slender, dark nucleus
• Taste or Gustatory cells: Taste cells are specialized taste cells that are located in the taste buds.
• Taste or Gustatory cells: lighter cytoplasm and a more oval lighter nucleus
• Basal cells: located at the periphery of the taste buds near the basement membrane
• Label:

  A) Sustentacular cells

  B) Taste pore

  C) blood vessel

  D) Gustatory cells

  E) Taste buds

  F) Basal cells

  G) Furrow

  H) Sustentacular cells

  I) Microvilli

  J) Taste buds

  K) Blood vessel

  L) Gustatory cells