nervous system

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    • information about a sharp point touching the skin and how it reaches the brain:
      • sharp point stimulates pain receptor in the skin
      • this sends a nerve impulse
      • via the sensory neurone
      • which goes through the spinal cord
      • which crosses the synapse
      • which goes to the relay neurones in the brain
    • the function of receptors is to:
      • detect changes in the environment
      • to convert this information
      • into impulses
    • in vertebrates the central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord only. In mammals the central nervous system is connected to the body by sensory and motor neurones.
    • sensory neurones carry information as electrical impulses from the receptors to the central nervous system.
    • motor neurones carry electrical impulses from the central nervous system to the effectors
    • effectors consist of all your muscles and glands which respond to nervous impulses
    • receptors detect stimuli
    • effectors respond to nervous impulses to bring about a change
    • muscles and glands are known to be effectors but they respond differently:
      • muscles contract in response
      • glands secrete hormones
    • how impulses travel between neurones
      • the chemical is released
      • it then diffuses across the synapse
    • a mutation is a change that occurs in a gene
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