Data

• Conceptual data models include a high level view of a aatabase, identifying:

  Form of data

  Data relationships
• Conceptual data models include?

  Entities

  Relationships
• Logical data model expands on the conceptual model by also including the attributes of each entity
• Physical data model is the most complex data mode, as it expands on the logical data model by including how data is stored, what type is it stored as and how it is accessed
• Heirarchical data models are a tree-like strucutre that represents relationships between entitites as a parent-child realtionship
• Relational data models use tables to store information about entities and their relationships
• There are three types of relationships between tables in a relational data model, what are they?

  One-to-one

  One-to-many

  Many-to-Many
• Relational data models are more flexible and widely used than hierarchical data models, and are the foundation of most modern relational database management systems.
• physical data models include if an attribute is a primary or foreign key
• What 4 things do organisations use data for?

  Analysing market trends

  System performance analysis

  User monitoring

  Targetted marketing
• Business intelligence (BI) is an all in one data analytics tool that helps businesses to make better decisions., whether viewing trends or monitoring stock. An example is Microsoft PowerBI
• Financial Planning and Analysis (FP&A) tools , help to forecast and view financial data, to monitor performance, and automate planning processes
• Customer relationship management makes it easy to track and manage customer relationships, and to identify and resolve customer issues.
• Data access permissions are defining who can access data, what are its 4 key elements

  Authorisation

  Privileges

  Access rights

  Rules
• Data access permissions have a positive impact by enhancing security and privacy by minimizing internal threats, however this can reduce productivity as it can be restrictive
• APIs allow different software systems to communicate over a consistent medium.
• An example of an API is a database management system populating customer relationship management systems, ensuring consistent data.
• APIs work by receiving requests, and then fulfilling the requested action. For example if an API handles a database, it might:

  Receive data request

  Verifies data request

  Retrieve data

  Transmit requested data
• 6 vs are?

  Value

  Veracity

  Variability

  Variety

  Volume

  velocity
• To decide on what users should be able to do, it is best to follow 'principle of least privilege'
• APIs work by exchanging data between systems using a standardised format, meaning different systems can access it without having to transfer and convert a copy
• DaaS customisation is generally?

  A set of standard features and tools
• Data warehousing is collecting and storing data into a central repository
• Data warehouses have tools to assure data
• Data lakes are very flexible and scalable, however they are expensive to maintain and require a lot of expertise.
• Data lakes that hold raw data. This makes it more flexible, and ideal for diverse and rapidly changing data sets
• Data mining is using big data to find trends
• Reporting tools help present data in a clear manner. This makes it easier to share with stakeholders
• 3 types of metadata are:

  Descriptive

  Structural

  Administrative
• the 6 things data is needed for are?

  Threat/opportunity assessment

  Decision making

  Targeted marketing

  User monitoring

  System performance analysis

  Market analysis