Have a cell membrane, cytoplasm and genetic material (DNA) enclosed in a nucleus
Animal and plant cells
Are eukaryotic cells
Prokaryotic cells
These are smaller than eukaryotic cells. The genetic material is not enclosed in a nucleus. The DNA is a single loop and there may be one or more rings of DNA called plasmids
Bacterial cells
Are prokaryotic cells
Prefixes used in science
centi (cm)
milli (mm)
micro (μm)
nano (nm)
Purpose of prefixes
To make very small numbers more manageable
Converting between prefixes and standard form
1. centi (cm) = 1 cm = 0.01 m * 10^2
2. milli (mm) = 1 mm = 0.001 m * 10^-3
3. micro (μm) = 1 μm = 0.000 001 m * 10^-6
4. nano (nm) = 1 nm = 0.000 000 001 m * 10^-9
All living things are made of cells, they are the basic unit of all life
Animal cell
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Cell membrane
Ribosomes
Mitochondria
Plant cell
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Cell membrane
Cell wall
Chloroplasts
Permanent vacuole
Bacterial DNA
Loop of DNA NOT found in a nucleus
Plasmid
Small ring of DNA often used as a vector in genetic modification
The nucleus is the control center of the cell, containing genetic material (DNA) that determines an organism's characteristics.
Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis.
The cytoplasm contains various structures such as ribosomes, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vacuoles, cytoskeleton, and centrioles.
The cytoplasm contains various structures such as ribosomes, mitochondria, chloroplasts, and permanent vacuoles.
Vacuoles store water, nutrients, or waste products inside plant cells.
Ribosomes synthesize proteins using instructions from DNA.
Mitochondria generate energy through aerobic respiration.
The cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell.
Mitochondria are involved in energy production through respiration.
Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll and are responsible for photosynthesis.
Permanent vacuoles store water or other substances within plant cells.
Chloroplasts convert sunlight into chemical energy during photosynthesis.
Permanent vacuoles maintain turgor pressure and regulate the internal environment of plant cells.
Cell wall provides structural support and protection against pathogens.
Nucleus stores genetic material (DNA) that controls all cellular activities.
