AO3

• Psychodynamic explanation suffers from alpha bias, and assumes girls have a less developed superego than boys, so males should be more moral but statistics show males commit more crime. Hoffman showed gender difference was insignificant when studying children's ability to resist temptation and girls were often presented as more moral, so contradicting assumption 
• Bowlby's theory might explain many types of offending since most offenders appear to have no feeling for their victims
• Bowlby's research is criticised for concentration of separation leading to delinquency, but the important part is failure to form a bond to someone, whether or not this is caused by separation, possible to remain in contact with mother but if they are unloving and distant no proper bond will be formed
• Doesn't explain all crime, Kline (1968) suggests crimes can be carefully planned and executed, and are motivated by a rational decision rather than irrational thought processes
• Psychodynamic approach lacks any sense of validity due to lack of falsifiability, concepts can't be empirically tested and can only be judged based of face value
• Only theory that addresses importance of emotional factors in criminal behaviour, putting forward the idea that unconscious processes are important