Part 3

• Pre-Colonial Science & Technology

  1. Homo Sapiens
  2. 10th Century A.D
  3. Spanish Regime
  4. English Regime
  5. Commonwealth Period
• Intellectual Revolutions Characteristics Features

  1. The world is a natural whole
  2. There is a natural order (there are laws of nature)
  3. Humans can discover this law
• Intellectual revolutions - in Greek speculations about nature in the pre-Socratic period aka “non-theological” or “first philosophy”
• Copernican - Nicholas Copernicus

  1. Heliocentric Model

  • a theory that places the Sun at the center of the Solar System
  • maintains that the Earth revolves around the Sun
  • The etymology of this term stems from the Greek word for Sun, helios.
• Darwinian - Charles Darwin

  • Darwin’s Theory of Evolution (all organisms are related and have descended from a common ancestor) - ”Natural Selection”
  • process by which heritable traits increase an organism’s chances of survival and reproduction which results in the evolution of organism
• Freudian - Sigmund Freud

  • Father of psychoanalysis
  • theory of personality
  • emphasis the role of unconscious psychological conflicts in shaping behavior and personality
• SIGMUND FREUD

  3 Psychological conflicts in shaping behavior and personality

  1. ID
  2. Ego
  3. Super-Ego
• ID - the set of uncoordinated instinctual desires
• Super-ego - plays the critical and moralizing role
• Ego - is the organized, realistic agent that mediates between the instinctual desires of the id and the critical superego
• Information Revolution

  • late 20th century that's been centered around the creation & proliferation of the internet
  • made it easier than ever for businesses around the world
• The main stages of the world Information Revolution are:

  1. Neolithic Revolution
  2. Iron revolution
  3. The emerge of writing
  4. The invention of printing
  5. Appearance of the telegraph
  6. Telephone
  7. Radio
  8. Television
  9. The emergence of electronic computers
  10. The creation of the internet
• Meso-American Revolution

  • made the greatest process in science & technology
  • its innovations are; position-value no. system with zero, the development of the most accurate known calendar, the invention of rubber and the corbelled arch.
  • populated by groups such as the Olmec, Zapotec, Maya, Toltec, and Aztec peoples
  • cultural traits that define them are: the domestication of maize, beans, avocado, and vanilla, and a common architectural style
• Asian Revolution

  • essentially the industrial revolution, took place here in the 19th century
  • countries which have not succeeded in controlling nature, but which have been controlled by it.
  • transferred to countries which have been living almost throughout the history on the edge of poverty
• Middle East Revolution - widely and most famously known as "cradle of civilization"
• African Revolution

  • revolution taking place
  • this revolution is political & manifested by militant nationalist movements
  • primarily it is an economic revolution
  • revolution differs in pace, content, & pattern in different countries
  • fast changing from a primitive, non-industrial, subsistence economy to an exchange, money & market economy
• 5 Revolutions

  1. Information Revolution
  2. Meso-American Revolution
  3. Asian Revolution
  4. Middle East Revolution
  5. African Revolution
• Homo Sapiens

  • (50,000 years ago) Palwan & Batangas
  • tools made of copper, gold, bronze, & iron
  • used of boats for trading (caracao)
• 10th Century A.D

  • Economy: trading products like pearl, cotton, iron plots, cloth, etc. with China & Vietnam
  • Agriculture: raising farm animals and producing wine, vinegar, salt, and bee products & mining gold
  • Habitation: wood, bamboo/nipa hut houses
• Spanish Regime

  • birth of modern science & technology
  • schools of medicine & pharmacy were opened in 1871 in UST
  • Leon Ma. Guerrero - "Father of Philippine Pharmacy" after his worked on medicinal plants
  • studies of infectious diseases were conducted (1887)
  • Manila School of Agriculture was opened in 1889
• English Regime

  • rapid advancement of technology & science
  • they conrtibute to the development of scientific researches
• Commonwealth Period

  • promotion of scientific development was acknowledged as reflected in Article XIII, Section 4:
  • “ The state shall promote scientific research and invention. Arts and Letters shall be under its patronage...”