Health and Human Development

• Definitions of health and wellbeing

  • Physical
  • Social
  • Emotional
  • Mental
  • Spiritual
• Youth perspectives


  The meaning and importance of health and wellbeing
• Variations in perspectives and priorities of health and wellbeing

  • Age
  • Culture
  • Religion
  • Gender
  • Socioeconomic status
• Dimensions of health and wellbeing

  • Physical
  • Mental
  • Emotional
  • Social
  • Spiritual
• Mental health and wellbeing


  The ability to think and process information, and how an individual expresses their thoughts and responds to situations
• Emotional health and wellbeing


  How we express and manage our emotions
• How can exams can affect a student's mental health and wellbeing

  By raising levels of anxiety and stress
• How each student manages their emotions to cope with levels of stress and anxiety

  Is an example of emotional health and wellbeing
• Perspective


  A particular attitude towards or way of regarding something; a point of view
• The concept of health and wellbeing means different things to people depending on their stage of life
• Perspective


  Somebody's point of view and attitude towards health and wellbeing
• Priority


  When greater importance is placed on some aspects of health and wellbeing than others
• Perspectives on health and wellbeing change across different age groups. Health and wellbeing perspectives increase in complexity as we age.
• Age


  • Dear 16 Year-Old Me
  • Life lessons from 100 year-olds
• Gender


  • Why men avoid going to the doctor
• Socioeconomic status (SES)


  A measure of a person's social and economic position based on income, education and occupation
• Socioeconomic status


  • How Michelle's health and wellbeing has been affected by low socioeconomic status
  • Strategies Michelle is using to improve her overall health status
• Western cultures


  Generally view health from a professional medical context and intervention
• Other cultures


  Believe in supernatural phenomena, as a whole family unit or using traditional medicines
• Culture


  • How pain is treated within an Amazonian tribe
• Religions focused on


  • Buddhism
  • Hinduism
  • Islam
  • Christianity
• Religion


  • How Bachar Houli's faith has influenced his health and wellbeing
  • Challenges Bachar has faced in relation to his religion and culture
  • Rating of Bachar's overall health and wellbeing
• Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander perspectives


  View health and wellbeing in a holistic manner, referring to social, emotional and cultural wellbeing of the whole community
• Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander perspectives


  • Stories from the Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey 2012-13
  • How perspectives of mental health and wellbeing differ for Indigenous Australians compared to non-Indigenous Australians
• Health status


  An individual's or population's overall health (and wellbeing), taking into account various aspects such as life expectancy, amount of disability and levels of disease risk factors
• Health indicators


  Standard statistics that are used to measure and compare health status (for example life expectancy, mortality rates, morbidity rates)
• Why we measure health status

  • To track health trends over time
  • Identify population groups with better/worse health
  • Identify areas of health needing intervention
  • Evaluating current interventions
• Self-assessed health status


  Reflects a person's perception of their health & wellbeing at a given time, obtained through surveys, can provide information on the other dimensions in addition to physical health & wellbeing
• Factors influencing self-assessed health status

  • Absence or presence of disease & disability
  • Mental state & thought patterns
  • Energy levels
  • Access to health care
  • Social connections
  • Sense of belonging in the community
• Life expectancy


  Indication of how long a person can expect to live, the number of years of life remaining to a person at a particular age if current death rates remain the same
• Mortality


  Death, particularly at a population level
• Mortality rate


  Indication of how many deaths occurred in a population in a given period for a specific cause, usually per 100,000 people in a 12-month period
• Years of life lost (YLL)

  Measure of how many years of expected life are lost due to premature death
• The mortality rate for cancer in Australia in 2013 was 197.7 per 100,000, meaning for every 100,000 people living in Australia 197.7 died as a result of cancer, which equates to a total of 45,471 deaths that year
• Trend


  A general movement or pattern in data
• The death rates for Australians aged 10-14 and 15-19 have decreased from 1990 until 2017
• Morbidity


  Ill-health in an individual or population group
• Incidence


  The number of new cases of a condition during a specified time
• Prevalence


  The total number of cases of a condition at a given time
• There were 7.5 new cases of asthma per 100,000 10-14 year old males in 2003, and 88,076 10-14 year old males suffered from asthma in 2003