Climate refers to the average atmospheric conditions, such as temperature and precipitation, for a given place over a period of time
Climate change

Changes in the Earth's average temperature
Climate change occurs naturally over time, but most scientists think that human behaviour is increasing the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, which is causing more rapid changes to the climate
Evidence for climate change
Tree ring analysis
Ice core samples
Observations of changes in ice cover
Mitigation

Taking steps to reduce the severity of something, e.g. limiting or preventing greenhouse gas emissions
Adaptation

Taking steps to change or adjust something, e.g. learning to live with climate change
Greenhouse gases

Gases that absorb and release heat energy, causing the Earth's atmosphere to warm up, e.g. carbon dioxide and methane
Increased concentration of greenhouse gases
Causes more heat to be absorbed, leading to a warmer planet
Carbon dioxide emissions are now more than three times higher than they were in 1965
Without greenhouse gases, humans would not be able to live on Earth
Ice cores contain tiny air bubbles that scientists can analyse to discover what past climates were like
Impacts of climate change
Change to the location of the Earth's climate belts
Flooding of coastal and low-lying communities
Spread of tropical diseases like malaria
Convection rainfall

when water rises at dew point then condenses and forms cumulous clouds which then starts rainfall
relief rainfall

occurs on mountains and high areas. when warm air approaches a mountain it rises at the slope
frontal rainfall

occurs when 2 air masses with different temperatures collide
