Milgram (1961) aimed to see if people would obey an authority figure telling them to harm someone else. 40 male ppts were told they were taking part in research about memory. Ppts introduced to a confederate & picked their roles via random selection - this was rigged, the ppts was always the teacher, confederate was always the learner (real ppts didn't know this). Teachers & experimenter = same room, learner in another. T asked L questions, if L got it wrong they had to give an electric shock. L got it wrong on purpose. Shocks from 15V to 450V. All went to 300V, 65% went to 450V. People obey.