WEEK 14

• Mental Health Treatment Gap


  a public health concern compounded by the fact that many individuals with Mental, Neurological, and Substance-related (MNS) conditions remain untreated despite the existence of effective treatment
• Mental Health Gap Action Program (mhGAP)

  First launched in 2008 to scale up care for MNS disorders
• Non Specialized Health Care


  to address the unmet needs of people with priority MNS conditions
• Non-specialized healthcare providers will be trained in basic mental health competencies


  to identify and assess MNS conditions, provide basic care, and refer complex cases to specialist services
• Mental health specialists


  will be equipped to work collaboratively with non-specialist healthcare providers and offer supervision and support
• mhGAP Intervention Guide


  this present the integrated management of priority MNS conditions using algorithms for clinical decision-making
• First Version of mhGAP Intervention Guide

  developed in 2010 as a simple technical tool to allow for integrated management of priority MNS conditions using protocols for clinical decision-making
• mhGAP version 2.0

  was launched in 2016
• mhGAP Master chart


  contains the overview of priority conditions and the emergency presentations of each MNS conditions
• Depression


  primarily characterized by persistent depressed mood with markedly diminished interest in, or pleasure from, activities
• Psychosis and Bipolar Disorder


  most common MNS condition that causes stigma, discrimination, and human rights violation
• Psychosis


  characterized by disturbed perception, disturbed thinking and/or disturbed behaviors and emotions
• Bipolar Disorder


  often characterized by significant disturbance in mood and activity levels with manic episodes (in which the person's mood is elevated and their activity levels decrease) and depressive episodes (in which the person's mood is lowered (depressive) and their energy levels decrease)
• Seizures


  are brief disturbances in the electrical functions of the brain
• Convulsive epilepsy


  has features such as abnormal movements including stiffening and shaking the body
• Non-convulsive epilepsy


  has features such as changes in mental status
• Seizures are considered as emergency
• Recurrent Seizures


  usually separated by days, weeks or months
• Unprovoked Seizure


  there is no evidence of an acute cause of the seizure
• Seizures are brief disturbances of the electrical function of the brain
• Febrile Seizure


  events occurring in children (three months to five years of age), who are suffering from fever and don't have any neurological illness of brain infection
• Two types of Febrile Seizure

  Complex

  Simple
• Children / adolescents with mental and behavioral disorders


  face major challenges with stigma, isolation, and discrimination as well as lack of access to health care and educational facilities
• Two common types of developmental disorder

  Intellectual Disability

  Autism
• Conduct Disorder


  a behavioral disorder characterized by dissocial, aggressive, and disobedient behavior
• Dementia


  term used to describe a large group of conditions affecting brain which cause a progressive decline in a person's ability to function
• Dementia is not a normal part of aging
• Acute intoxication


  a transient condition following the intake of a psychoactive substance, resulting in disturbances of consciousness, cognition, perception, and affecting behavior
• Overdose


  use of any drug in such an amount that acute adverse physical or mental effects are produced
• Withdrawal


  the experience of a set of unpleasant symptoms following the abrupt cessation or reduction in dose of a psychoactive substance
• Withdrawal symptoms are essentially, opposite to those that are produced by the psychoactive substance itself
• Harmful use


  a pattern of substance use which is causing harm to health
• Dependence


  a cluster of physiological, behavioral, and cognitive phenomena in which the use of substances takes on a much higher priority for a given individual than other behavior that once had greater value
• Self-Harm / Suicide

  ingestion of pesticides, hanging and firearms are the most common methods of suicide globally
• Emotional Distress


  this can be due to the loss of a loved one, loss of employment, intense family conflict, problems at school, intimate partner violence, physical or sexual abuse or uncertainty about gender and sexual orientation