oxygen deficit, steady state and EPOC

• Oxygen deficit


  The period of time at the commencement of exercise or when exercise intensity increases whereby, we are unable to supply sufficient oxygen to the working muscles for ATP production aerobically due to LAG time
• Oxygen deficit


  1. Work mainly anaerobically at the start of exercise (ATP-CP and Anaerobic Glycolysis system)

  2. If there is an oxygen deficit incurred during exercise we will see an increased contribution from the anaerobic systems however the aerobic system will contribute the most
• Oxygen demand does not equal oxygen supply
• Steady state


  Occurs when oxygen supply equals oxygen demand for ATP production aerobically
• EPOC (Excess Post-exercise Oxygen Consumption)


  Oxygen consumption remains elevated after exercise to: replenish PC stores, remove metabolic bi-products, return body temp to resting levels, restore oxygen to myoglobin
• EPOC


  • EPOC is proportional to the size of the oxygen deficit
  • EPOC is proportional to body temperature
• Active recovery


  Creates a muscle pump, which promotes blood flow and prevents venous pooling, speeding up the removal of metabolic bi-products (H+ ions)
• Active recovery


  Extends EPOC but enables better recovery and decreases DOMS (delayed onset muscle soreness)
• VO2 Max


  The maximal volume of oxygen that your body can take up (respiratory), transport (cardiovascular), and utilise (muscular) in 1 minute
• VO2 Max


  VO2 Max= cardiac output x AVO2 difference
• Relative VO2 Max


  ml/kg/min, allows us to compare athletes as the factor of weight is taken into consideration
• LIP (Lactate Inflection Point)


  The last point where lactate entry into the blood + removal is balanced. It represents the highest steady state. It is the highest intensity that an athlete can sustain for an extended period of time without a rapid accumulation of fatiguing metabolic biproducts (H+ ions)
• Working at LIP


  • Dominant energy system: Aerobic (oxygen present to oxidise H+ ions)
• Working at VO2 Max + above LIP

  • Dominant energy system: Aerobic with an increased contribution from anaerobic systems
• Working above VO2 Max

  • Dominant energy system: anaerobic systems
• You find out what your LIP is during a VO2 Max test