female reproductive

• ovaries - almond shape
• oogenesis - ovaries are responsible for development
• ovulation - refers to the release of the ovum from the ovary
• hormone reproduction - ovaries is the main source for estrogen and progesterone
• suspensory ligaments - secure ovary to lateral walls of pelvis
• ovarian ligaments - attach to the uterus
• broad ligaments - a fold of peritoneum, encloses suspensory ligaments
• estrogen - produced by follicle cells
• estrogen - caused secondary sex characteristics
• progesterone - produced by corpus luteum
• progesterone - helps maintain pregnancy
• function of fallopian tube: transport ovum from the ovary to the uterus
• function of the fallopian tube - the site of fertilization
• function of fallopian tube - provides nourishments of the ovum during its journey
• parts of fallopian tube:

  interstitial / intramural - thick walled located inside of the uterus
• parts of the fallopian:

  isthmus - narrowest portion, site of tubal ligation
• parts of fallopian:

  ampulla - middle portion, site of fertilization
• parts of fallopian:

  infundibulum - the distal portion, fingerlike projections called "fimbria"
• uterus - inverted pear
• uterus - located between urinary bladder and rectum
• function of uterus:

  1. organ of reproduction
  2. organ of menstruation
  3. uterine contraction
• parts of the uterus:

  1. fundus - uppermost convex portion, the most muscular area of the uterus
  2. comua - fallopian tube attached
  3. isthmus - upper third of the cervix
  4. corpus - it houses the fetus during pregnancy
  5. cervix - the neck of the uterus
• 3 parts:

  1. internal os which open the corpus
  2. cervical canal
  3. external os which open to vagina
• layers of uterus:

  1. perimetrium - outermost serosal layer
  2. myometrium - middle muscular layer
  3. endometrium - innermost ciliated mucosal layer
• support for uterus:

  1. broad ligament - attached to pelvis
  2. round ligament - anchored anteriorly
  3. uterosacral - anchored posteriorly
• vagina - a hollow, membranous, muscular canal
• functions of vagina:

  1. receives penis during sexual intercourse
  2. discharges menstrual flow
  3. birth canal
• rugae - appears after puberty and discharge at menopause
• rugae - it allows vaginal canal to stretch and enlarge considerably during delivery
• rugae - cervical mucus is rich with glycogen which what called a "doderlein balici"
• mons pubis or mons veneris - important obstetrical landmark and it protects symphysis from trauma
• mons pubis - curly hair it's what we call a escutcheon
• mons pubis - richly supplied with sebaceous glands
• labia majora - two thick folds with adipose tissues
• labia majora - provides covering and protection to the external organs that located under it
• labia minora - two thin of connective tissues that joins to form prepuce and posteriorly form the forechette
• labia minora - being very sensitive, it usually torn during vaginal delivery
• clitoris - is a highly sensitive and erectile tissue
• clitoris - seat of a woman's sexual arousal and orgasm
• clitoris - supplies a lot of sebaceous glands that produce cheese-like secretions that called "smegma"