DEVBIO

• Carbon dioxide


  A greenhouse gas that allows visible sunlight to pass through the atmosphere and strike Earth's surface and radiate through the earth and give off infrared radiation back out toward space
• The higher the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere


  The hotter the climate
• The intensive act of natural disaster such as rainfall and increasing of heat

  Leads to global warming or known as global climate change
• Plants


  • Take carbon dioxide out of the air and use it to make the chemicals that composed their body: Leaves, Stem, Roots, Flowers, Fruits, Seed
• Plants can remove and counter act the huge amount of Carbon Dioxide to reduce heat
• The discovery of fire leads to the highest rate of Carbon dioxide release in the atmosphere
• Photosynthesis


  Originated 2.8 billion years ago due to cyanobacteria
• Plants produced oxygen, food, cloth, paper, lumber and chemicals. It is also important "spiritually" because of their beauty
• Botany


  The scientific study of plants
• Plant


  • Most of them have green leaves, stem, roots and flower
• Conifers


  Have cones rather than flowers
• Scientific name of plants

  Two words: A Genus and Specific Epithet
• Cherries


  • Prunus avium or Prunus avium
• The First Word of the scientific name should start in Capitalized Letter, while the species Epithet is not
• Families in botany


  Often end in -eacea or -ea
• Rosaceae


  • Family of rose
• Plant Metabolism


  • Based on the Principle of Chemistry and Physics
• Plant


  • Must have a means of storing and using information
• Scientific method


  Concept of a scientific study can be understood by examining earlier approaches to study nature
• In the 15th century, several methods for analyzing and explaining the universe and its phenomena were used, with religion and speculative philosophy being especially important
• Greek Philosophers basically involved thinking with logic
• In the 400 BCE, Democritus postulated the philosophical concept of atoms
• In the 1400's, the Scientific Method were introduced
• The scientific method is inappropriate for areas like Racism, Sexism, Morality, Ethics, Right or Wrong, Moral or Immoral
• Life on Earth


  • Began about 3.5 billion years ago
• Evolution by natural selection

  Cells gradually increased in complexity
• Cyanobacterium


  Became more complex and evolve with subcellular component called organelle
• DNA


  The molecule that stores hereditary information, became located in its organelle - nucleus
• Prokaryotes


  Cells without nuclei (Bacteria, Cyanobacteria and Archaeans)
• Eukaryotes


  Cells with nuclei (All plants, animals, fungi and algae)
• Relictual (Plesiomorphic Features)


  Unchanged features
• Derived (Apomorphic Features)


  Formerly called advance
• More than 297,000 species of plant exist today
• Plant adaptation


  • Any adaptation are possible in plant
• Characteristics of life


  • Metabolism involving the exchange of energy and matter with the environment
• Cell wall


  A rigid layer which is composed of polysaccharides cellulose, pectin and hemicellulose. It is located outside the cell membrane
• Cell membrane


  A semi-permeable membrane that is present within the cell wall. It is composed of a thin layer of protein and fat
• Nucleus


  A membrane-bound structure that is present only in eukaryotic cell
• Plastid


  Membrane-bound organelles that have their own DNA, necessary to store starch and to carry out the process of photosynthesis
• Leucoplast


  Found in the non-photosynthetic tissue of plant. Used for the storage of protein, lipid and starch