STS

• Intellectual Revolution


  Greek speculation about the "nature" in the period before Socrates (roughly 600 to 400 BCE)
• Intellectual Revolutions are "Pre Socratic" or "non-theological" or "first philosophy" and focus more on physics and logic
• Intellectual Revolutions showed how society was transformed by science and technology
• Intellectual Revolutions that defined society

  • Copernican Revolution
  • Darwinian Revolution
  • Freudian Revolution
• Geocentrism/Geocentric Model


  A superseded description of the Universe with Earth at the center
• Heliocentrism/Heliocentric Model


  The center of the solar system is not the Earth but actually the sun
• Heliocentrism started the birth of modern astronomy and is a scientific revolution/transformation of society's thoughts and beliefs
• Theory of Evolution


  Populations pass through a process of natural selection in which only the fittest would survive, and organisms have the ability to adapt to their environment and would gradually change into something that would be more competitive to survive
• Freud's Theory


  Emphasized the influence of the unconscious mind on behavior, and that the human mind was composed of three conflicting elements: the id, the ego, and the superego
• The early inhabitants of the Philippines had their own culture, tradition, belief system and indigenous knowledge that kept them organized and sustained their lives and communities for many years
• Science in pre-Spanish Philippines

  • Planting crops that provide them food
  • Taking care of animals
  • Interpreting the movements of heavenly bodies to predict seasons and climates
  • Medicinal uses of plants
• Technology in pre-Spanish Philippines

  • Building houses
  • Irrigations
  • Developing tools
  • Musical instruments
• The Metal Age influenced the Philippines with gold and silver jewelry and trading with other countries
• The Spanish introduced schools and the concepts of subjects and disciplines in the Philippines
• During the Spanish era, science learning in schools focused on understanding different concepts related to the human body, plants, animals and bodies, and technology focused on using and developing house tools
• During the Spanish era, Filipinos replicated technology brought by the Spaniards using indigenous materials, and medicine and advanced science were introduced in formal colleges and universities
• Galleon Trade


  A government monopoly trade between the Philippines and Mexico, with two galleons sailing each way with valuable goods
• The Galleon Trade contributed to the change of culture, language and environment for both the Philippines and Mexico from 1565 to 1815
• Superstitious beliefs and Catholic doctrines and practices halted the growth of science in the Philippines during the Spanish era
• During the American period, the public education system was improved, engineering works and health of the people were improved, mineral resources were explored and exploited, and science education in basic education focused on nature studies and science and sanitation
• The Philippines had a difficult time rebuilding itself from the ruins of the war, and the human spirit to survive and rebuild was strong but the capacity to bring back what was destroyed was limited
• Internal influences on the development of S&T in the Philippines

  • Survival
  • Culture
  • Economic Activities
• External influences on the development of S&T in the Philippines

  • Foreign Colonizers
  • Traders with Foreign Countries
  • International Economic demands
• DOST


  Department of Science and Technology, responsible for formulating and adopting a comprehensive National Science and Technology Plan for the Philippines, and to subsequently monitor and coordinate its funding and implementation
• Government policies on science and technology

  • Introduced and implemented programs, projects and policies to boost science and technology
  • Goal: Prepare the whole country and its people to meet the demands of a technologically driven world and capacitate the people to live in a world driven by science
• NRCP policy clusters


  • Social Sciences, Humanities, Education, International Policies and Governance
  • Physics, Engineering, and Industrial Research, Earth and Space Sciences, and Mathematics
  • Medical, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Biological Sciences, Agriculture, and Forestry
• Innovation Culture


  Recent successes like the saltwater lamp, the salamander tricycle and the Diwata 1 microsatellite indicate the Philippines has a long way to go before creating an innovation culture, which requires enough scientists and technologists to develop an "innovation ecosystem"
• Two major approaches to the Philippine S&T agenda

  • Stronger Research and Development in the regions, not just Manila
  • Strategic projects in five areas: renewable energy, S&T for industry development, faster and cheaper internet, increased food production, climate change adaptation
• The major development programs of science and technology in the Philippines are linked to its socioeconomic progress and industrialization, but the country's progress in S&T is not highly competitive due to lack of funding and support from the government
• Personalities in S&T in the Philippines

  • Danvic Briones (Rescue 72 invention)
  • Diosdado Banatao (computer chip inventions)
  • Justino Arboleda (coconet invention)
  • Edgardo Vazquez (Vazbuilt Modular Housing System)
  • Bobby Murphy (co-founder of Snap Inc.)
  • Gregoria Zara (first videophone, Zara Effect)
  • Roberto del Rosario (karaoke machine inventor)
  • Fe del Mundo (medical pioneer)
• Analog circuits and DSP circuits

  Digital signal processing circuits
• Banatao has received numerous awards, he has co-authored 13 papers and holds six U.S. patents
• Banatao


  Has a Ph.D. degree from Stanford University in mixed-signal CMOS IC design
• Coconet


  A sturdy but biodegradable net made from coconut husk
• Vazbuilt Modular Housing System

  A prefabricated or ready-to-build housing system, easy to build and less time to construct
• Vazbuilt Modular Housing System


  Walls, floors, columns, window panels, and tied beams, with additional implementation which can potentially solved the country housing backlog
• Bobby Murphy


  A Filipino-American, co-founded Snap Inc. (formerly Snapchat Inc.), a technology and camera company
• Snap Inc. main products


  • Snapchat
  • Spectacles
  • Bitmoji
  • Zenly
• Gregoria Zara


  Filipino physicist and aeronautical engineer, creator of the first videophone and discoverer of the "Zara Effect"
• Roberto del Rosario


  Filipino entrepreneur who developed the karaoke machine "Sing Along System" in 1975