Biology Scholarship

• 175 - 200 MYA 2 Two continents existed

  • Laurasia (Europe, Asia, North America)
  • Gondra (South America, Africa, India, Antarctica, Australia, New Zealand.
• 150 MYA Antarctica, Australia, and New Zealand split from Gondwa
• 80 MYA New Zealand split from Australia: Before the evolution of animals
• 30 - 35 MYA NZ sank
• 15 MYA mountain building/uplift more land above water
• 2 MYA ice ages occur, making land bridges
• 0.4 MYA warmer climate
• Evolution is the change in allele frequencies in a population over time
• Allele is a different type of gene
• Allele frequency is the percentage of each allele in a gene pool
• Population is a group of organisms of the same species, which live in the same place at the same time
• The gene pool is the total number of alleles in a population.
• Genetic diversity is the variation of heritable traits in the population
• More genetic diversity results in an increase in the likelihood of survival rate if environmental conditions change.
• Mutations are permanent changes in the nucleotide base sequence of DNA.
• Mutations are the only source of new alleles
• Mutations increases size in gene pool
• Mutations only occur if it is inheritable