Methods of Data Collection Observation/Fi eld work

• five (5) types of observations: Participant, Nonparticipant. Systematic/Structured. Unstructured, and Simple/Contrived observations.
• Participant Observation

  ⦁ The researcher is immersed for prolonged periods of time in the setting where the participants/phenomenon is to be observed
• Non participant Observation

  ⦁ This is similar to participant observation except that the researcher is NOT immersed in the setting or the participants are not a ware of the researcher's presence.

  allowed. Familiarize and understand your research, don’t memorize it.
• Structured or Systematic Observation

  ⦁ It is when the researcher establishes specific rules for the observation and schedule (e.g. they will be observed for two (2) hours inside the school). The participant is informed ahead of time of these rules.
• 3. Unstructured Observation

  ⦁ It is the complete opposite of structured observation where there are no rules or guidelines set for the observation. This allows a more freeform or narrative means of data collection.
• Simple and Contrived Observation

  ⦁ In both methods, the participant is unaware of the researcher and the researcher does interact or involve themselves with the setting.

  ⦁ For simple observations, the researcher cannot change any factors in the settirg.

  ⦁ For contrived observations, the researcher can change or has control over some factors in the setting. This is useful when the goal Is to see how participants react to specified situations.